Territorial change of Xiongnu

“Xiongnu” — appears in this map’s data from 208 BC to AD 153. Its territory was largest in 144 BC – 127 BC, at ≈ 5.62 million km².

Territory by period

PeriodArea
208 BC – 207 BC≈ 3.69 million km²
206 BC – 204 BC≈ 3.69 million km²
203 BC – 198 BC≈ 4.11 million km²
197 BC – 171 BC≈ 4.11 million km²
170 BC – 165 BC≈ 5.13 million km²
164 BC – 145 BC≈ 5.13 million km²
144 BC – 127 BC≈ 5.62 million km²
126 BC – 111 BC≈ 5.59 million km²
110 BC – 92 BC≈ 3.32 million km²
91 BC – 67 BC≈ 3.59 million km²
66 BC – 51 BC≈ 2.40 million km²
50 BC – 41 BC≈ 2.40 million km²
40 BC – AD 5≈ 2.40 million km²
AD 6 – 13≈ 2.40 million km²
AD 14 – 29≈ 2.40 million km²
AD 30 – 50≈ 2.40 million km²
AD 51 – 59≈ 2.22 million km²
AD 60 – 67≈ 2.21 million km²
AD 68 – 77≈ 3.00 million km²
AD 78 – 83≈ 2.21 million km²
AD 84 – 90≈ 2.21 million km²
AD 91 – 105≈ 1.44 million km²
AD 106 – 126≈ 212 thousand km²
AD 127 – 153≈ 212 thousand km²
208 BCAD 153

Outline at its largest extent

Outline of the territory in 144 BC – 127 BC (map drawing). Neighbouring countries are not drawn.

Area and rank by frame

For each frame in which borders change: this country’s territory and its rank by area among the countries that have territory in that frame.

FrameAreaRank
208 BC≈ 3.69 million km²1 of 46
206 BC≈ 3.69 million km²1 of 56
203 BC≈ 4.11 million km²1 of 40
202 BC≈ 4.11 million km²1 of 39
197 BC≈ 4.11 million km²1 of 43
188 BC≈ 4.11 million km²1 of 44
170 BC≈ 5.13 million km²1 of 43
164 BC≈ 5.13 million km²1 of 40
144 BC≈ 5.62 million km²1 of 39
126 BC≈ 5.59 million km²1 of 37
110 BC≈ 3.32 million km²1 of 38
91 BC≈ 3.59 million km²2 of 39
87 BC≈ 3.59 million km²2 of 36
77 BC≈ 3.59 million km²2 of 37
66 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 35
63 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 43
50 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 46
49 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 46
48 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 46
46 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 45
44 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 45
42 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 45
41 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 45
40 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 45
36 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 49
31 BC≈ 2.40 million km²3 of 49
30 BC≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 49
27 BC≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 47
25 BC≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 44
19 BC≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 44
14 BC≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 44
AD 1≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 45
AD 6≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 45
AD 9≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 45
AD 14≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 43
AD 23≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 41
AD 30≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 42
AD 43≈ 2.40 million km²4 of 44
AD 51≈ 2.22 million km²4 of 43
AD 60≈ 2.21 million km²4 of 43
AD 68≈ 3.00 million km²3 of 42
AD 78≈ 2.21 million km²4 of 42
AD 84≈ 2.21 million km²4 of 42
AD 91≈ 1.44 million km²5 of 41
AD 106≈ 212 thousand km²11 of 40
AD 114≈ 212 thousand km²10 of 36
AD 117≈ 212 thousand km²11 of 36
AD 127≈ 212 thousand km²11 of 39

Its highest rank was in 144 BC: number 39 of 1.

Neighbouring countries

In order of the number of frames in which they share a border (a parent state, its colonies and other names of the same country are counted as one group).

Territory exchanged with

Computed from changes in territory between frames (only changes of about 20,000 km² or more are counted; these are not actual routes of advance). Top 7 by area.

FrameOther countryArea
AD 106lostXianbei≈ 1.40 million km²
110 BClostHan dynasty≈ 390 thousand km²
170 BCgainedYuezhi≈ 264 thousand km²
144 BCgainedWusun≈ 203 thousand km²
126 BClostHan dynasty≈ 88 thousand km²
AD 91lostHan dynasty≈ 72 thousand km²
126 BCgainedHan dynasty≈ 59 thousand km²

Wikipedia summary

The Xiongnu (Chinese: 匈奴; [ɕjʊ́ŋ.nǔ]) were a tribal confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Eurasian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD. Modu Chanyu, the supreme leader after 209 BC, founded the Xiongnu Empire.

Wikipedia (English) “Xiongnu”, introduction (first sentences) · text under CC BY-SA 4.0 · read more on Wikipedia

Show on the map — open the 144 BC frame