The world in 40 BC — what happened that year

11 events the sources record for this year, grouped by region.

What happened

The Parthians bring Antigonus to Judea, and as Jerusalem fills with Pentecost crowds, unrest engulfs the Temple area (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.253–255)
Phasael meets the Parthian commander in Galilee but finds the Galileans already in armed revolt (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.256–258)
Herod, sensing a Parthian plot, slips out of Jerusalem by night with his family (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.263–264)
Herod leaves his family at Masada and flees (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.265–267)
The Parthian Barzapharnes enters Jerusalem with Antigonus in front and, at Pentecost, captures Hyrcanus and Phasael (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews 14.330)
Herod leaves his family at Masada and flees toward Arabia and Egypt (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews 14.358)

Rebuffed in Arabia, Herod reaches Pelusium on the Egyptian side (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.277–279)

Off Pamphylia, Herod survives the danger by jettisoning cargo and barely reaches Rhodes (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.280–281)
Antony, moved by pity for Herod, joins Caesar in making him king — Herod receives the royal title in Rome (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews BJ 1.282–285)
Herod goes to Rhodes through a storm and sets out for Rome (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews 14.377)
Herod is made king of Judea by the Roman Senate (Josephus, Jewish War and Antiquities of the Jews 14.382)

Places where the world territory data shows a change of borders in this year.