Anna Komnene, The Alexiad: a Standard history source. Covers AD 1069 – 1118, with 106 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 1069 – 1118 |
| Events | 106 events, 76 placed on the map |
| Author | Anna Komnene |
| Original title | Ἀλεξιάς |
Regions: Southern Europe 63 · West Asia 43
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1069 – 1070 | At fourteen, Alexios wanted to accompany Emperor Diogenes on his campaign against the Persians (Turks); this is the first scene of the history. | Dawes 1.1 (문장 3) | |
| AD 1075 – 1076 | The young Alexios captured the Frankish rebel Urselios and settled the situation in the East within a few days. | Dawes 1.1 (문장 15) | |
| AD 1078 | Alexios gave the signal for an ambush to attack Bryennios' army; this was the first battle against the rebels. | Dawes 1.5 (문장 18) | |
| AD 1078 | News came by messenger that Bryennios had been captured, and he himself was brought before the general. | Dawes 1.6 (문장 30) | |
| AD 1078 | Right after the defeat of Bryennios, Alexios marched at once against Basilakios (in the region of the Vardar river). | Dawes 1.7 (문장 14) | |
| AD 1078 – 1079 | Thessalonica | After capturing Basilakios, Alexios stayed briefly in Thessalonica to set things in order, then returned in triumph to Constantinople. | Dawes 1.9 (문장 17) |
| AD 1080 | Salernum | At Salerno, Robert received a letter saying that he had secured the false Michael (the monk Leichtor). | Dawes 1.12 (문장 26) |
| AD 1080 | Beneventum | The pope left Rome for Benevento and met Robert in person after the envoys' mediation. | Dawes 1.13 (문장 20) |
| AD 1080 – 1081 | Cyzicus | Cyzicus fell to the Turks, and the emperor summoned Alexios. | Dawes 2.3 (문장 1) |
| AD 1081 | Rome | Henry, setting out to march on Rome, asked Robert for an alliance. | Dawes 1.13 (문장 42) |
| AD 1081 | Hydruntum | Robert planned to cross from Hydruntum to Nicopolis and aim at Naupactus and the fortresses nearby. | Dawes 1.16 (문장 4) |
| AD 1081 | Constantinople | Before dawn the Komnenoi opened the gates, took their families out to the Forum of Constantine; this was the start of the coup. | Dawes 2.5 (문장 8) |
| AD 1081 | Constantinople | The rebels broke the lock of the Blachernae gate and entered the imperial stables. | Dawes 2.6 (문장 2) |
| AD 1081 | Hebrus river | Alexios met Turkish soldiers who had just crossed the river Hebrus. | Dawes 2.6 (문장 34) |
| AD 1081 | Constantinople | On Good Friday (fourth indiction, April 6589), the Komnenian army entered Constantinople. | Dawes 2.10 (문장 17) |
| AD 1081 | Constantinople | When Palaiologos arrived with the fleet and the cheering began, the Komnenian side on the walls told them to be quiet. | Dawes 3.2 (문장 3) |
| AD 1081 | Constantinople | Alexios was crowned by the right hand of Patriarch Kosmas, without the empress. | Dawes 3.2 (문장 30) |
| AD 1081 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | Alexios sent his brother-in-law Palaiologos to Dyrrachium to drive out Monomachatos. | Dawes 3.9 (문장 18) |
| AD 1081 | Alexios repeatedly sent letters to the king of the Alamanni (Germany) asking him to check Robert. | Dawes 3.10 (문장 5) | |
| AD 1081 | Nicaea | The Turks lived around the Propontis, and Suleiman camped around Nicaea; Alexios made a truce with them. | Dawes 3.11 (문장 2) |
| AD 1081 | With the troops who survived the storm, Robert did not give up his goal and reached the opposite shore. | Dawes 3.12 (문장 29) | |
| AD 1081 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | The people of Dyrrachium, surrounded by sea and land, lost heart at the sight of Robert's great army. | Dawes 4.1 (문장 3) |
| AD 1081 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | The fierce fighting spread into Robert's camp, and many soldiers were driven back or fell. | Dawes 4.2 (문장 23) |
| AD 1081 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | In a naval battle Robert's side fled, and Robert decided to haul all his fleet ashore. | Dawes 4.3 (문장 4) |
| AD 1081 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | The same disease spread among Robert's cavalry, and many died; there was a food shortage in the camp on the river Glykys. | Dawes 4.3 (문장 11) |
| AD 1081 | Constantinople | In the eighth month of the fourth indiction, Alexios left Constantinople and entrusted the administration of the city to Isaac. | Dawes 4.4 (문장 4) |
| AD 1081 | Alexios built a fortified camp with trenches near the river Karchanes and sent envoys to Robert to ask his purpose. | Dawes 4.5 (문장 2) | |
| AD 1081 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | The battle of Dyrrachium: after small skirmishes, Robert slowly followed, and the distance narrowed. | Dawes 4.6 (문장 18) |
| AD 1082 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | Instigated by Amalfitan emigrants, the people of Dyrrachium opened their gates and admitted Robert. | Dawes 5.1 (문장 5) |
| AD 1082 – 1083 | Larissa | Bohemond left Kastoria for Larissa, intending to winter there. | Dawes 5.5 (문장 11) |
| AD 1082 | Constantinople | In the Blachernae palace the emperor convened a church council and, as the accused, justified the seizure of church property. | Dawes 6.3 (문장 6) |
| AD 1083 | Larissa | The emperor, seeing his own army flee and Bohemond pursue recklessly, seized the chance for a counterattack. | Dawes 5.6 (문장 3) |
| AD 1083 | Castoria | Siege of Kastoria: even when the walls were breached the city did not surrender, so the emperor sought other means. | Dawes 6.1 (문장 7) |
| AD 1084 | Rome | Robert hurried to Rome to stop the king of the Alamanni and joined the papal forces. | Dawes 5.3 (문장 26) |
| AD 1084 | Relatives of Traulos, a Manichaean, occupied the village on the hill of Veriatova. | Dawes 6.4 (문장 9) | |
| AD 1084 | Corfu | Robert, rebelling again at Corfu, left his sons at Butrinto and crossed with his fleet. | Dawes 6.5 (문장 14) |
| AD 1084 | Cassope (Corfu) | The Venetian fleet anchored at the port of Pasari, but when Robert came it moved to the port of Kassope. | Dawes 6.5 (문장 18) |
| AD 1085 | Cephalonia | His wife Gaita barely reached him at his deathbed, and Robert died. | Dawes 6.6 (문장 11) |
| AD 1086 | Nicaea | The emperor sent Tatikios with an army to Nicaea and urged him to fight with prudence. | Dawes 6.10 (문장 7) |
| AD 1086 – 1087 | Nicaea | Prosouch besieged Nicaea with a great army and held out for three months. | Dawes 6.11 (문장 1) |
| AD 1086 | Apollonias | Elkanes besieged Apollonias, and after six days and nights took the outer walls. | Dawes 6.13 (문장 4) |
| AD 1086 | Philippopolis | The emperor encamped by the river near Blisnos, close to Philippopolis. | Dawes 6.14 (문장 21) |
| AD 1087 | In spring Tzelgu crossed the mountain pass above the Danube and invaded with about 80,000 mixed troops. | Dawes 7.1 (문장 1) | |
| AD 1087 | After fierce fighting, Tzelgu received a mortal wound and died. | Dawes 7.1 (문장 10) | |
| AD 1087 | As the battle line collapsed and the soldiers fled, Protostrator told the emperor not to hold on. | Dawes 7.3 (문장 40) | |
| AD 1087 – 1088 | Koman defeated the Scythians and barely drove them to the village of Ozolimene. | Dawes 7.5 (문장 6) | |
| AD 1088 | Philippopolis | The Scythians took Philippopolis, and the emperor, lacking troops, could not stand against them. | Dawes 7.6 (문장 17) |
| AD 1088 | Bulgarophygum | The emperor, who was at Bulgarophygon, sent away part of his elite troops. | Dawes 7.7 (문장 2) |
| AD 1089 | Chariopolis | The Pechenegs passed Kariopolis and went on plundering Aphros. | Dawes 7.7 (문장 10) |
| AD 1090 | Methymna | To counter Tzachas, the emperor sent troops by sea to fortify Methymna. | Dawes 7.8 (문장 8) |
| AD 1090 | The Scythians surrounded the city, and the emperor was in effect besieged from within. | Dawes 7.11 (문장 4) | |
| AD 1091 | The vanguard of the Scythians, in Scythian dress and banners, appeared on the Dimilia plain, and scouts reported that the Scythians were coming. | Dawes 8.2 (문장 6) | |
| AD 1091 | Ainus | From Nicomedia the emperor summoned five hundred Frankish men of the Count of Flanders, left Constantinople, and reached Ainos. | Dawes 8.3 (문장 19) |
| AD 1091 | The battle of Lebounion: on Tuesday, 29 April; a song arose that the Scythians had not lived to see May. | Dawes 8.5 (문장 37) | |
| AD 1092 | Tzachas, who had prepared in advance, immediately engaged the Roman army in battle. | Dawes 9.1 (문장 27) | |
| AD 1092 | Crete | When news came that Doukas had reached Karpathos, the Cretans killed Chariches and handed Crete over to the grand duke. | Dawes 9.2 (문장 2) |
| AD 1092 | Cyrene = Kyrenia (Cyprus) | The fleet landed and took Kyrenia (in Cyprus) in its first assault, while Rapsomates made preparations. | Dawes 9.2 (문장 4) |
| AD 1093 | Philippopolis | The emperor left the capital to attend to affairs in the West and, on reaching Philippopolis, received a letter from the Bulgarian archbishop. | Dawes 8.7 (문장 7) |
| AD 1093 | Philippopolis | Sebastokrator Isaakios, hearing the news, rushed to Philippopolis in two days and two nights. | Dawes 8.8 (문장 1) |
| AD 1094 | The emperor called in all the troops of the capital and set out straight for Dalmatia. | Dawes 9.5 (문장 2) | |
| AD 1094 | Serres | Diogenes encamped near Serres, and the emperor was also there, just before the plot was discovered. | Dawes 9.7 (문장 10) |
| AD 1094 | Bolkanos brought his relatives and the chieftain of the Tzoupanoi and handed over his nephews as hostages. | Dawes 9.10 (문장 5) | |
| AD 1095 | Anchialus | The emperor occupied Ankialos and summoned his brother-in-law Melissenos, Palaiologos, and others, assigning them duties. | Dawes 10.2 (문장 32) |
| AD 1095 | Adrianople | Coman reached Adrianople and camped outside the walls. | Dawes 10.3 (문장 21) |
| AD 1096 | Helenopolis | After a Turkish ambush, the hermit Peter returned to Helenopolis with only a few men. | Dawes 10.5 (문장 69) |
| AD 1096 – 1097 | Constantinople | The emperor summoned the counts and Godfrey to take the oath of vassalage. | Dawes 10.9 (문장 8) |
| AD 1097 | Constantinople | A battle broke out between the Latin army and the imperial side, with casualties on both sides. | Dawes 10.9 (문장 46) |
| AD 1097 | Constantinople | The counts arrived at the capital and deployed their troops from near the monastery of Kosmidion to Hieron. | Dawes 10.10 (문장 20) |
| AD 1097 | Constantinople | When Bohemond gave his explanation, the emperor, half in jest, recalled their old hostility at Dyrrachium. | Dawes 10.11 (문장 5) |
| AD 1097 | Nicaea | The Frankish army split in two: one part went through Bithynia and Nicomedia, and the other crossed the sea and went via Kibotos toward Nicaea. | Dawes 11.1 (문장 3) |
| AD 1097 | Nicaea | The siege of Nicaea: Tatikios's soldiers rained arrows, and the Franks broke through the walls and hurled stones. | Dawes 11.2 (문장 14) |
| AD 1097 | Nicaea | The Turks exchanged hostages and hurried to the emperor; Nicaea surrendered. | Dawes 11.2 (문장 43) |
| AD 1097 | Doryleum | The Turks of the Doryleion plain, thinking the main Frankish army had come, looked down on them and began the fight first. | Dawes 11.3 (문장 16) |
| AD 1097 | Smyrna | The people of Smyrna saw the fleet of Caspax and the land army of Doukas arriving. | Dawes 11.5 (문장 14) |
| AD 1097 | Ephesus | Doukas left his fleet at Smyrna and marched on Ephesus, which was held by the governors Tangripermes and Marakes. | Dawes 11.5 (문장 27) |
| AD 1098 | Antioch | The Latin army was shut inside the capital and pressed from both sides: by the garrison of the citadel and by the enemy outside. | Dawes 11.4 (문장 33) |
| AD 1098 | Laodicea (Phrygia) | When Doukas reached Laodicea, the inhabitants came out of their own accord and surrendered. | Dawes 11.5 (문장 38) |
| AD 1099 | Laodicea (Syria) | When Chichichilukes entered Laodicea, Bohemond's hostility erupted, and he sent his nephew Tancred. | Dawes 11.7 (문장 33) |
| AD 1099 | Laodicea (Syria) | On hearing that Tancred had seized Laodicea, the emperor sent a letter to Bohemond. | Dawes 11.9 (문장 1) |
| AD 1099 | Attalia | Boutoumites led the whole army and reached Attaleia. | Dawes 11.9 (문장 14) |
| AD 1099 | Cos | On hearing that the Pisan fleet had passed, the Roman fleet weighed anchor, pursued it to Kos, and reached an island by evening. | Dawes 11.10 (문장 11) |
| AD 1099 | Rhodes | The Roman fleet stopped at the island of Seutlos, then set sail at dawn and entered the port of Rhodes. | Dawes 11.10 (문장 23) |
| AD 1099 – 1100 | Laodicea (Syria) | Soldiers of Kantakouzenos shot arrows from the walls like a snowstorm and repelled the approaching Franks. | Dawes 11.11 (문장 25) |
| AD 1100 – 1118 | Constantinople | For the disciples of Basil, the Bogomil leader, a pyre was built at the Tzykisterion in the palace. | Dawes 15.9 (문장 21) |
| AD 1101 | Ancyra | The Normans took Ankara by storm and crossed the river Halys to reach a small village. | Dawes 11.8 (문장 10) |
| AD 1101 | The Turks suddenly attacked their camp, seized the baggage, and annihilated the infantry. | Dawes 11.8 (문장 21) | |
| AD 1104 | Bohemond spread rumors that he was dead, and left Soudai in a galley together with a coffin. | Dawes 11.12 (문장 4) | |
| AD 1104 | Mopsuestia | Tancred divided his great army at Antioch into two: half by land toward Mopsuestia, half by ship. | Dawes 12.2 (문장 12) |
| AD 1105 | Thessalonica | The emperor reached Thessalonica in September of the fourteenth indiction. | Dawes 12.3 (문장 6) |
| AD 1107 | Bohemond gathered troops and counts from all sides and hurried to cross over to Illyria. | Dawes 12.1 (문장 6) | |
| AD 1107 | Valona | Guarding the Strait of Valona, he posted scouts on the hill of Jason to watch the sea. | Dawes 12.8 (문장 28) |
| AD 1107 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | Bohemond marched in battle formation toward Epidamnos (Dyrrachium), intending to strike it with siege engines if it could not be taken without a fight. | Dawes 13.2 (문장 11) |
| AD 1107 – 1108 | Dyrrachium (Epidamnus) | Bohemond's barbarians erected a huge siege tower shaped like a tower. | Dawes 13.3 (문장 41) |
| AD 1108 | The Franks rested for a while on the bank of the river Bouses, then attacked just before the first light of dawn. | Dawes 13.6 (문장 22) | |
| AD 1108 | Diabolis (Devol) | Bohemond swore an oath to the emperor on the Passion of Christ and the Gospels: the Treaty of Devol. | Dawes 13.12 (문장 81) |
| AD 1109 | Adramyttium | Eumathios crossed the strait from Abydos and reached Adramyttion. | Dawes 14.1 (문장 15) |
| AD 1109 | Smyrna | The Turks were pursued toward Smyrna and Nymphaion, struck from front, rear and both flanks, and utterly defeated. | Dawes 14.1 (문장 32) |
| AD 1110 | Callipolis | Because of pain in his feet, the emperor wintered at Kallioupolis with his empress, who accompanied him. | Dawes 14.4 (문장 2) |
| AD 1113 | Cyzicus | A messenger reported that the Turks had plundered the Lopadion area and had taken Cyzicus from the sea side at the first assault. | Dawes 14.5 (문장 15) |
| AD 1114 | On rumors that Coman had crossed the Ister, the emperor moved in early November of the eighth indiction. | Dawes 14.8 (문장 1) | |
| AD 1114 – 1115 | The emperor reached Vidin, but Coman had already turned back. | Dawes 14.9 (문장 3) | |
| AD 1116 | Iconium | The emperor marched to Iconium, intending to draw Sultan Suleiman into a decisive battle. | Dawes 15.1 (문장 3) |
| AD 1116 | Doryleum | The emperor reached the plain of Doryleion in three days by way of Armenokastron and Leukai. | Dawes 15.3 (문장 29) |
| AD 1116 | Polybotum | The emperor turned his horse around and marched to Polybotos. | Dawes 15.4 (문장 6) |
| AD 1116 | Philomelium | The army reached Philomelion and rescued captives from all sides. | Dawes 15.7 (문장 6) |
| AD 1118 | Constantinople | Just before the emperor drew his last breath, the empress threw herself at his bedside: the death of Alexios. | Dawes 15.11 (문장 94) |