Book of Song (Songshu), Annals

Book of Song (Songshu), Annals: a Standard history source. Covers AD 420 – 479, with 150 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.

TypeStandard history
ViewpointInsider account
Years coveredAD 420 – 479
Events150 events, 114 placed on the map
Author沈約
Original title宋書

Regions: China 149 · Southeast Asia 1

Events

YearPlaceEventPassage
AD 420建康Liu Yu built an altar in the southern suburbs of Jiankang, ascended the throne and founded Song; the deposed Jin emperor was enfeoffed as King of Lingling.宋書 卷3 永初1年 6月
AD 420彭城An edict exempted from taxes for thirty years the home district of Liu Yu around Pengcheng (the three commanderies of Pengcheng, Pei and Xiapi).宋書 卷3 永初1年 8月
AD 420Gao Lian, King of Goguryeo, was raised to Grand General Who Conquers the East; Fuyu Ying, King of Baekje, was raised to Grand General Who Guards the East.宋書 卷3 永初1年 7月
AD 422京城The refugee Diao Mi attacked and entered the capital, but Lu Zhongyuan, sima of the Grand Commandant's office, suppressed him and cut off his head.宋書 卷3 永初3年 3月
AD 422仇池Yang Sheng, Duke of Qiuchi, was enfeoffed as King of Wudu.宋書 卷3 永初3年 4月
AD 422建康Emperor Wu died at the Xidian Hall at age sixty.宋書 卷3 永初3年 5月
AD 422建康The crown prince Liu Yifu ascended the throne (the Shao Emperor) and a general amnesty was granted.宋書 卷4 永初3年 5月
AD 422滑臺Wei troops took Huatai.宋書 卷4 永初3年 12月
AD 423金墉Wei general Daxi Ang broke through Jinyong and besieged Hulao; Mao Dezu drove him back for a time, but the enemy regathered.宋書 卷4 景平1年 1月
AD 423許昌Liu Cui, Governor of Yuzhou, raided Xuchang and killed Yu Long, Wei's Grand Administrator of Yingchuan.宋書 卷4 景平1年 3月
AD 423臨朐Tan Daoji went north, stationed at Linqu, and burned the enemy's siege engines.宋書 卷4 景平1年 4月
AD 423虎牢Wei troops took Hulao and captured Mao Dezu, Governor of Sizhou, and led him away.宋書 卷4 景平1年 4月
AD 423The Wei ruler Tuoba Si died and his son Tuoba Tao (Emperor Taiwu) ascended the throne.宋書 卷4 景平1年 10月
AD 424新安Liu Yizhen, King of Lingling, was demoted to commoner, moved to Xin'an County, and killed there by an envoy sent by the ruling ministers.宋書 卷4 景平2年 2月
AD 424建康By order of the Empress Dowager, the Shao Emperor was demoted to King of Yingyang, and it was decided to welcome Liu Yilong, King of Yidao.宋書 卷4 景平2年 5月
AD 424吳郡The deposed Shao Emperor was confined in Wu Commandery.宋書 卷4 景平2年 5月
AD 424金昌亭Xu Xianzhi and others had Xing Antai, Secretary of the Zhongshu, murder the Shao Emperor at Jinchang Pavilion at age nineteen.宋書 卷4 景平2年 6月
AD 424江陵After the Shao Emperor was deposed, the officials, leading a provisional office, reached Jiangling where the King of Yidao was residing and presented the imperial seal to the new emperor.宋書 卷5 元嘉1年 7月
AD 424建康Emperor Wen left Jiangling, in the eighth month visited the Chuning tomb, then ascended the throne in the Zhongtang Hall at Jiankang, renamed the era Yuanjia and granted a general amnesty.宋書 卷5 元嘉1年 8月
AD 426建康Xu Xianzhi and Fu Liang were executed for their crimes; Dao Yanzhi and Tan Daoji were ordered to attack Xie Hui of Jingzhou, and the emperor himself led six armies on a western campaign.宋書 卷5 元嘉3年 1月
AD 426隱磯Dao Yanzhi and Tan Daoji crushed Xie Hui at Yinji.宋書 卷5 元嘉3年 2月
AD 426蕪湖The emperor's carriage turned around at Wuhu and returned.宋書 卷5 元嘉3年 2月
AD 426延頭Xie Hui was captured at Yantou, sent to the capital and executed.宋書 卷5 元嘉3年 2月
AD 427丹徒The emperor went to Dantu and visited the Jing Mausoleum.宋書 卷5 元嘉4年 2月
AD 427京邑A plague struck the capital; envoys were sent to console the people and give medicine, and coffins were given to the dead who had no family.宋書 卷5 元嘉4年 5月
AD 430The King of Wa sent envoys who presented local products.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 1月
AD 430The General of the Right, Dao Yanzhi, was sent on a northern campaign, and naval forces entered the Yellow River.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 3月
AD 430碻磝The Wei garrison of Queli abandoned its city and fled.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 7月
AD 430滑臺The Wei garrison of Huatai abandoned its city and fled.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 7月
AD 430金墉Jinyong city fell to Wei.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 10月
AD 430虎牢Hulao city fell again to Wei.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 11月
AD 430滑臺Tan Daoji was sent north, and Dao Yanzhi withdrew from Huatai and fled.宋書 卷5 元嘉7年 11月
AD 431壽張Tan Daoji defeated the Wei army at Shouzhang in Dongping.宋書 卷5 元嘉8年 1月
AD 431滑臺Huatai fell to Wei.宋書 卷5 元嘉8年 2月
AD 431青州Xiao Sihua, Governor of Qingzhou, abandoned his city and fled.宋書 卷5 元嘉8年 2月
AD 432益州The bandit Zhao Guang invaded Yizhou and took commanderies and counties, but the commandery secretary suppressed him.宋書 卷5 元嘉9年 9月
AD 433梁州The Di chieftain Yang Nandang invaded Hanchuan; Zhen Fahu, Governor of Liangzhou, abandoned his city and fled, and Nandang seized Liangzhou.宋書 卷5 元嘉10年 11月
AD 434泰山Several hundred followers of the defector Ma Daxuan raided Mount Tai, but the commandery suppressed them.宋書 卷5 元嘉11年 1月
AD 434梁州Xiao Sihua, Governor of Liang and Qin, defeated Yang Nandang and pacified Liangzhou.宋書 卷5 元嘉11年 4月
AD 435黃龍Feng Hong, ruler of Huanglong, was enfeoffed as King of Yan.宋書 卷5 元嘉12年 1月
AD 436建康Tan Daoji, Grand Minister of Works and Governor of Jiangzhou, was executed for his crimes.宋書 卷5 元嘉13年 3月
AD 438The King of Wa, Chin, was appointed General Who Pacifies the East.宋書 卷5 元嘉15年 4月
AD 440建康Former Magistrate of Danyang Liu Tan was executed with his faction for his crimes, and Liu Yikang, Prince of Pengcheng, was sent out as Governor of Jiangzhou.宋書 卷5 元嘉17年 10月
AD 441梁州Yang Nandang again invaded Hanchuan; in the twelfth month Pei Fangming and others were sent with the General Who Soars to attack him.宋書 卷5 元嘉18年 11月
AD 441寧州Cuan Songzi, Administrator of Jinning, rebelled; Xu Xun, Governor of Ningzhou, suppressed it.宋書 卷5 元嘉18年 12月
AD 442仇池Liu Zhendao and Pei Fangming defeated Yang Nandang, and Qiuchi was pacified.宋書 卷5 元嘉19年 5月
AD 442魯郡The descendants of Confucius were ordered to maintain the sacrifices and repair the ancestral temple; the academy at Quli in Lu commandery was restored, and five households near the tomb were exempted from labor to sweep and plant 600 cypress and pine trees.宋書 卷5 元嘉19年 12月
AD 443仇池Qiuchi was occupied by Wei.宋書 卷5 元嘉20年 2月
AD 445雍州Liu Jun, Prince of Wuling and Governor of Yongzhou, attacked the Man peoples around the Mian River and moved over 14,000 people to the capital.宋書 卷5 元嘉22年 7月
AD 445建康Fan Ye, Tutor of the Heir, plotted rebellion and was executed with his faction, and Liu Yikang was demoted to commoner.宋書 卷5 元嘉22年 12月
AD 446林邑Tan Hezhi, Governor of Jiaozhou, attacked the state of Linyi and defeated it.宋書 卷5 元嘉23年 6月
AD 446玄武湖That year there was a good harvest; a northern dike was built, Xuanwu Lake was created, and Jingyang Hill was built in the Hualin Garden.宋書 卷5 元嘉23年 12月
AD 447京邑A plague struck the capital; officials of the commanderies and counties toured and gave medicine.宋書 卷5 元嘉24年 6月
AD 447豫章Hu Danshi of Yuzhang killed the Governor Huan Longzhi and rebelled; Tan Hezhi, former Governor of Jiaozhou, returning at that time, suppressed it.宋書 卷5 元嘉24年 10月
AD 449丹徒Emperor Wen traveled by land to Dantu and visited the Jing Mausoleum.宋書 卷5 元嘉26年 2月
AD 450懸瓠Wei invaded several commanderies of Runan and attacked Xuanhu City; Chen Xian, in charge of Runan, defended it.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 2月
AD 450彭城Wang Xuanmo was sent north as General Yongshuo, and Grand Commandant Liu Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia, went to Pengcheng to remain and command the various armies.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 7月
AD 450碻磝The Wei garrison of Queli left the city and fled.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 7月
AD 450滑臺Wang Xuanmo attacked Huatai without winning, was defeated by Wei and withdrew to Queli (intercalary month).宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 10月
AD 450弘農Troops sent by Liu Dan, Prince of Sui and Governor of Yongzhou, took Hongnong City (intercalary month).宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 10月
AD 450關城It then attacked and took Guan City (Tongguan) (intercalary month).宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 10月
AD 450陝城Troops sent by Liu Dan, Prince of Sui, again attacked and took Shancheng.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 11月
AD 450鄒山Wei took Zoushan; Cui Xieli, Grand Administrator of Lu and Yangping commanderies, was captured.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 11月
AD 450壽陽Left General Liu Kangzu fought Wei at Weiwu Water in Shouyang, was defeated and died in battle.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 11月
AD 450盱眙Hu Chongzhi, Zang Chengzhi and Mao Xizuo fought Wei at Xuyi, were defeated and died in battle.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 12月
AD 450瓜步The Wei ruler led a great army and reached Guabu.宋書 卷5 元嘉27年 12月
AD 451瓜步The Wei army withdrew from Guabu and fled.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 1月
AD 451盱眙The Wei army attacked Xuyi City and besieged it.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 1月
AD 451歷下Wang Xuanmo withdrew from Queli and returned to Lixia.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 1月
AD 451盱眙The Wei army fled from Xuyi.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 2月
AD 451瓜步Emperor Wen went to Guabu, and martial law was lifted that day.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 2月
AD 451Lu Shuang, Wei's General Who Pacifies the South, and Lu Xiu, Secretary of the Palace, submitted; Lu Shuang was made Governor of Sizhou.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 4月
AD 451梁鄒The refugee Sima Shunze proclaimed himself a king and held out in Liangzou city.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 5月
AD 451梁鄒Liangzou was pacified and Sima Shunze was beheaded.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 8月
AD 451Wa King Ji, General Who Pacifies the East, was raised to Grand General Who Pacifies the East.宋書 卷5 元嘉28年 7月
AD 452碻磝Xiao Sihua attacked Queli but could not take it and withdrew.宋書 卷5 元嘉29年 8月
AD 452虎牢Lu Shuang, Governor of Sizhou, attacked Hulao but could not take it and withdrew.宋書 卷5 元嘉29年 10月
AD 453西陽Liu Jun, Prince of Wuling and Governor of Jiangzhou, led troops and invaded Xiyang Bay.宋書 卷5 元嘉30年 1月
AD 453建康Emperor Wen died in the Hanzhang Hall at age forty-seven; the crown prince Liu Shao murdered him.宋書 卷5 元嘉30年 2月
AD 453西陽Emperor Xiaowu (Liu Jun, Prince of Wuling) had gone out to Wuzhou in Xiyang and was staying there when the ringleaders committed regicide.宋書 卷6 元嘉30年 1月
AD 453新亭The vanguard of Liu Yuanjing reached Xinting and set up camp; on the jiazi day the chief culprit Liu Shao attacked in person, but was routed and withdrew.宋書 卷6 元嘉30年 4月
AD 453新亭Emperor Xiaowu ascended the throne at Xinting and granted a general amnesty.宋書 卷6 元嘉30年 4月
AD 453建康The capital was pacified, and Liu Shao and Liu Jun, Prince of Shixing, among others, were executed.宋書 卷6 元嘉30年 5月
AD 454荊州Lu Shuang, Governor of Yuzhou; Zang Zhi, Governor of Jiangzhou; Liu Yixuan, Governor of Jingzhou; and Xu Yibao, Governor of Yanzhou, rose in rebellion together.宋書 卷6 孝建1年 2月
AD 454梁山Wang Xuanmo advanced to Liangshan and took it.宋書 卷6 孝建1年 2月
AD 454歷陽Shen Qingzhi crushed Lu Shuang at Xiaoxian in Liyang and beheaded him.宋書 卷6 孝建1年 4月
AD 454梁山Liu Yixuan and others attacked Liangshan but Wang Xuanmo crushed them.宋書 卷6 孝建1年 5月
AD 454武昌Zang Zhi fled to Wuchang, where he was killed and his head was sent to the capital.宋書 卷6 孝建1年 6月
AD 454江陵Liu Yixuan was forced to die by his own hand at Jiangling.宋書 卷6 孝建1年 6月
AD 457Wei invaded Yanzhou.宋書 卷6 大明1年 2月
AD 457King Yu Qing of Baekje was appointed General Who Guards the East.宋書 卷6 大明1年 10月
AD 458青州That winter Wei invaded Qingzhou, but the governor Yan Shibo repeatedly defeated them.宋書 卷6 大明2年 12月
AD 459廣陵Liu Dan, Prince of Jingling, rebelled at Guangling without receiving orders and killed Yuan Lang, Governor of Yanzhou.宋書 卷6 大明3年 4月
AD 459廣陵Guangling City was taken; Liu Dan was beheaded, all the men in the city were killed, and the women were given to the soldiers as rewards.宋書 卷6 大明3年 7月
AD 459The Suchen state, through repeated interpreters, presented hushi arrows and stone crossbows; the Western Regions presented a dancing horse.宋書 卷6 大明3年 11月
AD 460Wei sent envoys requesting peace.宋書 卷6 大明4年 12月
AD 461雍州Liu Xiumao, Governor of Yongzhou and Prince of Hailing, killed the sima Yu Shenzhi and raised troops, but Xue Jikao, Grand Administrator of Yicheng, suppressed him and beheaded him.宋書 卷6 大明5年 4月
AD 463烏江Emperor Xiaowu toured and went hunting at Wujiang in Liyang.宋書 卷6 大明7年 2月
AD 463Gao Lian, King of Goguryeo and General Who Conquers the East, was raised to Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and Kaifu Yitong Sansi.宋書 卷6 大明7年 7月
AD 463姑孰Emperor Xiaowu hunted at Gushu.宋書 卷6 大明7年 10月
AD 463梁山Emperor Xiaowu trained the naval forces at Liangshan.宋書 卷6 大明7年 11月
AD 463歷陽Emperor Xiaowu visited Liyang.宋書 卷6 大明7年 12月
AD 464建康Emperor Xiaowu died in the Yuzhu Hall at age thirty-five.宋書 卷6 大明8年 5月
AD 464建康On the day of Emperor Xiaowu's death, the crown prince Liu Ziye, the Former Deposed Emperor, ascended the throne in an intercalary month.宋書 卷7 大明8年 5月
AD 465建康The Former Deposed Emperor personally led his guards and killed the Grand Steward, Liu Yigong, Prince of Jiangxia, Liu Yuanjing, Yan Shibo and Liu Deyuan.宋書 卷7 景和1年 8月
AD 465徐州When the Former Deposed Emperor moved to attack Liu Chang, Prince of Yiyang, General Who Pacifies the North and Governor of Xuzhou, Liu Chang fled to Wei.宋書 卷7 景和1年 9月
AD 465建康The Former Deposed Emperor was killed by Shou Jizhi while shooting at ghosts in the bamboo hall of the Hualin Garden; he was seventeen.宋書 卷7 景和1年 11月
AD 465建康Liu Yu, Prince of Shang (Emperor Ming), ascended the throne, changed the Jinghe first year to the Taishi first year, and granted a general amnesty.宋書 卷8 泰始1年 12月
AD 465江州Liu Zixun, Prince of Jin'an and Governor of Jiangzhou, raised troops in rebellion; Deng Wan of Mou and Yuan Yi, Governor of Yongzhou, led their troops to join him.宋書 卷8 泰始1年 12月
AD 465Liu Zisui, Liu Zifang and Liu Zixu, without receiving orders, raised troops and joined the rebellion.宋書 卷8 泰始1年 12月
AD 466徐州Xue Andu, Governor of Xuzhou, also did not receive orders.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 1月
AD 466建康Liu Xiuren, Prince of Jian'an and Minister of Works, led a great army south as Commander of Military Affairs for pacifying the realm.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 1月
AD 466吳郡The administrators of five commanderies, including Gu Chen of Wu, Wang Tansheng, Liu Yanxi, Yuan Biao and Cheng Tianzuo, raised troops in rebellion.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 1月
AD 466義興The commandery chief Ren Nongfu and Liu Huaizhen pacified Yixing.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 1月
AD 466吳郡General Jianwu Wu Xigong defeated the enemy in Wu, Wuxing and Kuaiji, pacifying three commanderies.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 2月
AD 466赭圻The enemy general Liu Hu held Zheqi with forty thousand men.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 2月
AD 466赭圻General Wujun Yin Xiaozu attacked Zheqi and died in battle.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 3月
AD 466濃湖Yuan Yi was stationed at Quewei, and his camps stretched to Nonghu, numbering over a hundred thousand.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 3月
AD 466濃湖Liu Xiuren, Prince of Jian'an, crushed the enemy, beheaded Yuan Yi, Right Vice Director of the Secretariat, and pacified five prefectures, Jiang, Ying, Xing, Yong and Xiang; Zixun and the others were ordered to take their own lives.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 8月
AD 466壽陽Liu Mian took Shouyang and the Yuzhou region was pacified.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 12月
AD 466彭城Xue Andu invited Wei in; Zhang Yong and Shen Youzhi were routed, and the four prefectures north of the Huai and the Huaixi lands of Yuzhou were lost.宋書 卷8 泰始2年 12月
AD 467汝陰Wei invaded Ruyin, but Grand Administrator Zhang Jingyuan defeated them.宋書 卷8 泰始3年 2月
AD 467雍州Xue Boling, son of Xue Andu, seized four commanderies of Yongzhou, but Liu Xiuruo, Prince of Baling and governor, suppressed him and beheaded him.宋書 卷8 泰始3年 7月
AD 467南兗州Shen Youzhi, Central Army Commander, acting as Governor of Nanyanzhou, led troops on a northern campaign.宋書 卷8 泰始3年 8月
AD 468交州Li Changren, a man of Jiaozhou, occupied the prefecture and rebelled.宋書 卷8 泰始4年 3月
AD 468廣州Bandits attacked Guangzhou and killed Governor Yang Xi; Chen Boshao pacified them.宋書 卷8 泰始4年 3月
AD 471合肥The bandit Song Yi attacked Hefei and killed Wang Muzhi, Grand Administrator of Ruyin, but the commanderies and counties suppressed him.宋書 卷8 泰始7年 2月
AD 471建康Liu Xiuren, Prince of Jian'an and Minister of Works, was punished for his crimes and took his own life.宋書 卷8 泰始7年 5月
AD 472建康Emperor Ming died in the Jingfu Hall at age thirty-four.宋書 卷8 泰豫1年 4月
AD 472建康The crown prince Liu Yu, the Later Deposed Emperor, ascended the throne and granted a general amnesty; Yuan Can and Chu Yan served as his guardians.宋書 卷9 泰豫1年 4月
AD 472義陽Wei invaded Yiyang, but Wang Shan, Governor of Sizhou, defeated them.宋書 卷9 泰豫1年 12月
AD 474江州Liu Xiufan, Grand Commandant and Governor of Jiangzhou, Prince of Guiyang, raised troops and rebelled.宋書 卷9 元徽2年 5月
AD 474新亭The enemy attacked the Xinting Tower, but the Prince of Qi held them off and crushed them; Zhang Jing'er, Captain of the Yueji, killed Liu Xiufan.宋書 卷9 元徽2年 5月
AD 474東府General Wujun Qian Zhan and Mao Tian opened the Eastern Mansion and admitted the enemy.宋書 卷9 元徽2年 5月
AD 474京邑Zhang Jing'er and others defeated the enemy at Xuanyang Gate, Zhuangyan Temple and Xiaoshi, and pacified the Eastern Mansion.宋書 卷9 元徽2年 5月
AD 474尋陽Liu Xie, Prince of Jin'an, sent troops who defeated Xunyang and pacified Jiangzhou.宋書 卷9 元徽2年 6月
AD 476京城Liu Jingsu, General Who Pacifies the North and Governor of Nanxuzhou, Prince of Jianping, occupied the capital and rebelled.宋書 卷9 元徽4年 7月
AD 476京城The capital fell, and Liu Jingsu was beheaded.宋書 卷9 元徽4年 7月
AD 477建康The Later Deposed Emperor Liu Yu died in Renshou Hall at age fifteen.宋書 卷9 元徽5年 7月
AD 477建康Liu Zhun, Prince of Ancheng, ascended the throne as Emperor Shun, changed the era name and granted a general amnesty.宋書 卷10 元徽5年 7月
AD 477江陵Shen Youzhi, Grand General of Chariots and Cavalry and Governor of Jingzhou, raised troops and rebelled.宋書 卷10 昇明1年 12月
AD 477石頭Yuan Can, Minister of Works, held Shitou and rebelled; Liu Bing and others answered him, but Shitou fell and Yuan Can died.宋書 卷10 昇明1年 12月
AD 477郢城Shen Youzhi attacked and besieged Yingcheng; Liu Shilong, Chief Secretary of the Vanguard, held out firmly (intercalary month).宋書 卷10 昇明1年 12月
AD 477吳郡Liu Xia, Grand Administrator of Wu, seized the commandery and rebelled; Zhang Gui attacked and beheaded him.宋書 卷10 昇明1年 12月
AD 478郢城Shen Youzhi scattered and fled from Yingcheng.宋書 卷10 昇明2年 1月
AD 478江陵General Jinjun Zhang Jing'er, Governor of Yongzhou, defeated Jiangling and pacified Jingzhou.宋書 卷10 昇明2年 1月
AD 478King Wu of Wa sent envoys with local products, and Wu was made Grand General Who Pacifies the East.宋書 卷10 昇明2年 5月
AD 479建康Grand Tutor Xiao Daocheng, Prince of Qi, was raised to Chancellor, enfeoffed over ten commanderies, made Duke of Qi and given the nine honors.宋書 卷10 昇明3年 3月
AD 479建康Emperor Shun of Song yielded the throne to Qi; the next day he withdrew to Dongchu and was enfeoffed as King of Ruyin.宋書 卷10 昇明3年 4月
AD 479建康Emperor Shun died in the Danyang Palace at age thirteen.宋書 卷10 昇明3年 5月

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