Eutropius, Breviarium: a Standard history source. Covers AD 98 – 305, with 74 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 98 – 305 |
| Events | 74 events, 41 placed on the map |
| Author | Eutropius |
| Original title | Breviarium ab urbe condita |
Regions: Southern Europe 52 · West Asia 11 · Western Europe 10 · Egypt & North Africa 1
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 98 | Rome | Nerva adopts Trajan and dies in Rome after a reign of one year, four months and eight days. | Eutr. 8.1 |
| AD 98 | Cologne | Trajan is acclaimed emperor at Agrippina in Gaul (Colonia Agrippinensis, Cologne). | Eutr. 8.2 |
| AD 101 – 106 | 다키아(도나우 건너편) | Trajan defeats Decebalus and makes Dacia, across the Danube, a province, with a circumference of 1,000 miles. | Eutr. 8.2 |
| AD 114 | 아르메니아 | Trajan retakes Armenia, held by Parthia, and kills Parthamasiris, who ruled it. | Eutr. 8.3 |
| AD 116 | Ctesiphon | Trajan conquers and takes Seleucia, Ctesiphon and Babylon. | Eutr. 8.3 |
| AD 116 – 117 | 인도 국경·홍해 | Trajan advances to the frontier of India and the Red Sea, creating three provinces, Armenia, Assyria and Mesopotamia, and then makes Arabia a province too. | Eutr. 8.3 |
| AD 117 | Selinus | On his way back, Trajan dies of dysentery at Seleucia in Isauria. He was the only emperor buried within the city, and his ashes were placed beneath the column in the Forum. | Eutr. 8.5 |
| AD 117 | 아시리아·메소포타미아·아르메니아 | Hadrian withdraws the armies from the three provinces Trajan had added and makes the Euphrates the empire's frontier, but friends dissuade him from giving up Dacia. | Eutr. 8.6 |
| AD 138 | 캄파니아 | When Hadrian dies in Campania at over sixty, his successor Antoninus overcomes the Senate's opposition and obtains his deification. | Eutr. 8.7 |
| AD 161 | Lorium | Antoninus Pius dies at his villa at Lorium, 12 miles from Rome, and is deified. | Eutr. 8.8 |
| AD 165 | 셀레우키아(아시리아) | Verus stays around Antioch and Armenia and wins great successes through his generals, taking Seleucia. The Latin text puts the captives at 400,000, while Watson's English translation says 40,000. | Eutr. 8.10 |
| AD 169 | 베네티아(콘코르디아→알티눔 길) | Verus, sitting beside his brother Marcus in a carriage from Concordia to Altinum, suddenly dies of apoplexy. | Eutr. 8.10 |
| AD 169 | Rome | With the treasury empty, Marcus, to avoid taxing the provinces and the Senate, sells the imperial gold vessels, crystal cups, silk garments and jewels at auction in Trajan's Forum for two months. | Eutr. 8.13 |
| AD 172 – 175 | Carnuntum | Marcus holds out three full years at Carnuntum, ends the Marcomannic War, in which the Quadi, Vandals, Sarmatians and Suebi joined, and frees the Pannonians. | Eutr. 8.13 |
| AD 176 | Rome | Marcus again holds a triumph in Rome together with his son Commodus, whom he had already made Caesar. | Eutr. 8.13 |
| AD 192 | 로마(사료에 도시 없음) | Commodus dies suddenly, with rumors that he was strangled or poisoned, and is condemned as an "enemy of mankind." | Eutr. 8.15 |
| AD 193 | 로마(사료에 도시 없음) | The elderly Pertinax, appointed by the Senate, is killed on the 80th day of his reign by a mutiny of the praetorian guards and a plot by Julianus. | Eutr. 8.16 |
| AD 193 | 밀비우스 다리(로마 북쪽) | Julianus is defeated by Severus at the Milvian Bridge and dies on the Palatine after a seven-month reign. | Eutr. 8.17 |
| AD 193 | Cyzicus | Severus kills Pescennius Niger, who revolted in Egypt and Syria, at Cyzicus. | Eutr. 8.18 |
| AD 195 – 199 | 파르티아·아라비아·아디아베네 | Severus defeats Parthia, inland Arabia and Adiabene, makes Arabia a province, and takes the titles Parthicus, Arabicus and Adiabenicus. | Eutr. 8.18 |
| AD 197 | Lugdunum | Clodius Albinus, who styled himself Caesar in Gaul, is defeated and killed at Lugdunum. | Eutr. 8.18 |
| AD 208 – 211 | 브리타니아 | Severus builds a wall from sea to sea to protect the provinces he had gained. Its length is 133 miles in the Latin text and 32 miles in Watson's English translation. | Eutr. 8.19 |
| AD 211 | Eboracum | Severus dies in old age at Eboracum (York), leaving two sons, Bassianus and Geta; Geta was declared a public enemy and soon died. | Eutr. 8.19 |
| AD 216 | Rome | Caracalla builds splendid baths in Rome (the Baths of Antoninus), but has nothing else worth recalling. | Eutr. 8.20 |
| AD 217 | Edessa | Caracalla dies near Edessa in Osrhoene while preparing a Parthian campaign and is buried with a state funeral. | Eutr. 8.20 |
| AD 218 | 불명 | Macrinus and his son Diadumenianus are killed together in a soldiers' revolt. | Eutr. 8.21 |
| AD 222 | 로마(사료에 도시 없음) | Elagabalus is killed with his mother in a soldiers' riot. | Eutr. 8.22 |
| AD 232 | 페르시아 | Alexander wages war on Persia and gloriously defeats King Xerxes. | Eutr. 8.23 |
| AD 235 | 갈리아 | Alexander dies in Gaul in a soldiers' riot. He was devoted to his mother. | Eutr. 8.23 |
| AD 238 | Aquileia | Maximinus, the first emperor raised by the army, is killed at Aquileia by Pupienus after being abandoned by his men, and his son dies with him. | Eutr. 9.1 |
| AD 242 – 244 | 동방·파르티아 | The boy Gordian opens the doors of the temple of Janus, goes east, and defeats in a great battle the Persians who were trying to invade. | Eutr. 9.2 |
| AD 244 | Circesium | For Gordian, killed by Philip's treachery on his way back, the soldiers raise a tomb 20 miles from Circesium and carry his remains to Rome. | Eutr. 9.2 |
| AD 248 | Rome | Under Philip and his son, the thousandth anniversary of Rome's founding is celebrated grandly with games and spectacles. | Eutr. 9.3 |
| AD 249 | Verona | Philip and his son are killed by soldiers, the father at Verona and the son in Rome. | Eutr. 9.3 |
| AD 251 | 야만족 땅(도나우 건너) | Decius and his son die together in barbarian territory, and the father is deified. | Eutr. 9.4 |
| AD 253 | Interamna | Gallus and his son are killed at Interamna on the way to attack Aemilianus, who had revolted in Moesia. The reign was famous only for plague. | Eutr. 9.5 |
| AD 260 | 메소포타미아 | Valerian is defeated by King Shapur in Mesopotamia, then taken prisoner and dies in old age as a slave. | Eutr. 9.7 |
| AD 260 | Ravenna | The Germans invade as far as Ravenna. | Eutr. 9.7 |
| AD 260 | Mursa | Gallienus kills Ingenuus, who had put on the purple, at Mursa. | Eutr. 9.8 |
| AD 260 – 265 | Tarraco | The Germans flood as far as Spain and take the renowned city of Tarraco. | Eutr. 9.8 |
| AD 260 – 269 | 갈리아 | In that desperate time Postumus, a man of lowly origin in Gaul, puts on the purple, rules for ten years and restores the devastated provinces. | Eutr. 9.9 |
| AD 262 – 266 | Ctesiphon | Odaenathus defeats Persia and defends Syria, recovers Mesopotamia and advances as far as Ctesiphon. | Eutr. 9.10 |
| AD 267 – 268 | 그리스·마케도니아·폰토스·아시아 | The Goths overrun Greece, Macedonia, Pontus and Asia, and Dacia is also lost. | Eutr. 9.8 |
| AD 268 | Milan | Gallienus is killed at Milan along with his brother Valerian. | Eutr. 9.11 |
| AD 269 | Mogontiacum | Postumus is killed by his soldiers after refusing to let them plunder the rebellious city of Mogontiacum. | Eutr. 9.9 |
| AD 269 | 일리리쿰·마케도니아 | Claudius wins a great battle over the Goths who were ravaging Illyricum and Macedonia. | Eutr. 9.11 |
| AD 271 | Cologne | Victorinus is killed at Agrippina through the plot of a clerk. | Eutr. 9.9 |
| AD 271 | Burdigala | Tetricus, the senator and governor of Aquitania, is chosen emperor by the army in his absence and puts on the purple at Burdigala. | Eutr. 9.10 |
| AD 271 | Rome | In Rome, mint workers counterfeit coins, kill the treasury official Felicissimus and revolt; Aurelian suppresses them with extreme severity and executes several nobles. | Eutr. 9.14 |
| AD 271 – 275 | Rome | Aurelian surrounds Rome with a stronger wall and builds a temple of the Sun filled with gold and jewels. | Eutr. 9.15 |
| AD 271 – 275 | 다키아·모이시아 | With Illyricum and Moesia ravaged, Aurelian judges Dacia indefensible, moves Roman citizens to Moesia and calls that land the new Dacia. | Eutr. 9.15 |
| AD 272 | Antioch | Aurelian captures Zenobia, who held the East after Odaenathus's death, near Antioch without a major battle. | Eutr. 9.13 |
| AD 274 | Catalauni | Aurelian defeats Tetricus at Catalaunum in Gaul. Unable to bear his army's mutiny, Tetricus himself hands over his army and begs rescue with a line of Virgil. | Eutr. 9.13 |
| AD 274 | Rome | Aurelian enters Rome and celebrates a triumph as the recoverer of East and West, with Tetricus and Zenobia walking before his chariot. | Eutr. 9.13 |
| AD 275 | Caenophrurium | At a place called Caenophrurium on the old paved road between Constantinople and Heraclea, Aurelian is killed by soldier friends who believed a forged list. | Eutr. 9.15 |
| AD 277 – 278 | 갈리아 | Probus recovers Gaul from the barbarians by victory and suppresses Saturninus in the East and Proculus and Bonosus at Agrippina. | Eutr. 9.17 |
| AD 280 | Sirmium | Probus sets his soldiers to work planting vineyards on Mount Alma near Sirmium and Mount Aureus in Upper Moesia, then hands them to the provincials. | Eutr. 9.17 |
| AD 282 | Sirmium | Probus is killed at Sirmium in a soldiers' revolt, inside an iron tower. | Eutr. 9.17 |
| AD 283 | Ctesiphon | Carus attacks and defeats Persia and takes the renowned cities of Coche (Seleucia) and Ctesiphon. | Eutr. 9.18 |
| AD 283 | 티그리스 강변 진영 | Carus, camped by the Tigris, is killed by a thunderbolt from the gods. | Eutr. 9.18 |
| AD 284 | 페르시아에서 돌아오는 길 | Numerian, carried in a litter because of an eye ailment, is killed through a plot by his father-in-law Aper, and the stench of the body reveals it only days later. | Eutr. 9.18 |
| AD 284 | 페르시아에서 돌아온 군대의 진영 | The victorious army, having lost Carus to lightning and Numerian to a plot, hands the throne to Diocletian, from Dalmatia. | Eutr. 9.19 |
| AD 285 | Margum | Diocletian defeats the universally hated Carinus in a great battle at Margus. Carinus is betrayed by his army. | Eutr. 9.20 |
| AD 285 – 286 | 갈리아 | When Gallic peasants rise under the name Bagaudae, Diocletian sends Maximian as Caesar, who puts them down in light fighting. | Eutr. 9.20 |
| AD 286 | Gesoriacum | Carausius, tasked at Bononia with clearing Frankish and Saxon pirates, is suspected of withholding plunder and ordered executed by Maximian, so he puts on the purple and seizes Britain. | Eutr. 9.21 |
| AD 293 | 제국 전체 | Diocletian raises Maximian to Augustus and makes Constantius and Galerius Caesars. Constantius marries Herculius's stepdaughter Theodora, and Galerius Diocletian's daughter Valeria. | Eutr. 9.22 |
| AD 296 | 브리타니아 | Allectus, who killed Carausius, rules three years and is put down by the praetorian prefect Asclepiodotus, so Britain is recovered after ten years. | Eutr. 9.22 |
| AD 297 – 298 | Alexandria | Diocletian forces Achilleus, besieged in Alexandria, to surrender after about eight months and kills him, then carries out harsh executions and confiscations in Egypt. | Eutr. 9.23 |
| AD 297 – 298 | 아프리카 | Maximian Augustus subdues the Quinquegentiani in Africa and brings peace. | Eutr. 9.23 |
| AD 297 | Callinicum | Galerius meets Narseh between Callinicum and Carrhae but, with a small force against a large army, is defeated. | Eutr. 9.24 |
| AD 298 | Lingones | Caesar Constantius, driven back by barbarians at Lingones, is hauled up the wall by ropes, but when his army arrives he cuts down 60,000 Alamanni within six hours. | Eutr. 9.23 |
| AD 298 | 대아르메니아 | Galerius gathers forces from Illyricum and Moesia, wins a great victory over Narseh in Greater Armenia, and seizes his wife, sisters, children and treasures. | Eutr. 9.25 |
| AD 305 | Nicomedia | On the same day Diocletian at Nicomedia and Herculius at Milan lay aside the imperial insignia and become private citizens. | Eutr. 9.27 |
| AD 305 | Salona | Diocletian spends his old age as a private citizen at a villa near Salonae, dies there and is deified. | Eutr. 9.28 |
Eutropius, Breviarium, tr. J. S. Watson (1886); Latin text thelatinlibrary.com
PD (thelatinlibrary 전재 라틴 · 고대 원저) / PD (Watson 1886, tertullian.org 명시)