Kano Chronicle: a Standard history source. Covers AD 999 – 1892, with 125 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 999 – 1892 |
| Events | 125 events, 84 placed on the map |
| Author | 작자 미상(하우사 지방 연대기, 19세기 말 사본); 영역 H. R. Palmer 1908 |
| Original title | Tarikh Arbab Hadha al-Balad al-Musamma Kanu (Kano Chronicle, Palmer 1908 영역) |
Regions: Sub-Saharan Africa 123
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 999 | Bagauda comes with an army and becomes Kano's first sarki (king). His name is Daud, his mother Kaunasu. The center of Kano then shifts to Shame and Gazarzawa. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §I Bagoda, p.65 | |
| AD 999 – 1003 | After occupying Dirani for two years, Bagauda moves to Barka, founds the town of Taluta and rules it for two years. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §I Bagoda, p.65 | |
| AD 1003 – 1063 | Bagauda attacks the pagan chief Yankare and others and kills their leader; he conquers Gabusani and others from Shame, then founds a town and rules from there. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §I Bagoda, p.65 | |
| AD 1063 – 1095 | Warisi's minister Gawarkura advises "Gazarzawa is the key to this country, so keep it close," but the king, old and weak, refuses. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §II Warisi, p.66 | |
| AD 1095 – 1134 | Kano | Gijimasu leaves Shame for Gazarzawa, founds a city there and gains control by conciliating the pagan elders with gifts. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §III Gijimasu, p.66 |
| AD 1095 – 1134 | Kano | On the first day Gijimasu slaughters 100 cattle and begins building the city wall, founding the city of Kano with eight gates. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §III Gijimasu, p.66 |
| AD 1095 – 1134 | Santolo alone never submits and holds out (its people are numerous and pagan). Gijimasu rules the other districts of the area. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §III Gijimasu, p.66 | |
| AD 1134 – 1136 | Kano | The twins Nawata and Gawata rule Kano together for seven months, then one dies and the survivor rules another year and five months (two years in total). | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §IV Nawata·Gawata, p.66 |
| AD 1136 – 1194 | Kano | Yusa (Tsaraki) completes the wall of Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §V Yusa, p.67 |
| AD 1136 – 1194 | Yusa raids Karaye, camps five months at Badari, and the inhabitants submit, paying tribute from Gurmai to Farina. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §V Yusa, p.67 | |
| AD 1194 – 1247 | Nagujji sweeps from Kura to Tsangaya and forces the people to follow him. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §VI Naguji, p.67 | |
| AD 1194 – 1247 | To attack Santolo, Nagujji camps two years at Bassema but loses the battle and returns to Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §VI Naguji, p.67 | |
| AD 1194 – 1247 | Kano | Nagujji executes four pagan leaders, including Samagi, on the verge of revolt, and calms the rest with words. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §VI Naguji, p.67 |
| AD 1194 – 1247 | Kano | Nagujji introduces for the first time a land tax collecting one-eighth of the harvest from all farmers. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §VI Naguji, p.67 |
| AD 1247 – 1290 | Kano | When Gugua tries to learn the secret of the pagan god, 40 pagan chiefs gather at night under the sacred tree to plan a response; the king hears a revelation amid a welcome and suddenly goes blind (blind for 22 of his 44-year reign). Pending | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §VII Gugua, p.68 |
| AD 1290 – 1307 | Kano | Sekarau rejects his ministers' proposal of a hard line and, accepting the request of pagan chiefs who bring gifts, leaves the customs as they are (17 years without war). | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §VIII Shekkarau, p.68 |
| AD 1307 – 1343 | Kano | When Tsamia imposes jizya (tribute) on the pagans, they try to gather and offer 200 slaves in seven days, but the king does not accept. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §IX Tsamia, p.69 |
| AD 1307 – 1343 | Kano | On a Thursday Tsamia storms the pagan shrine (Kagwa); his army and a great pagan host clash, and Bajeri breaks inside the shrine walls; the king destroys the walls and the sacred tree and hears the god's secret from the remaining pagans. Pending | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §IX Tsamia, p.69 |
| AD 1343 – 1349 | Kano | Zamnagawa takes the throne (how Tsamia died is unknown) and shuts himself in the palace for seven days; during his seven-year reign there is no war anywhere. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §X Zamnagawa, p.70 |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | Rano | Yaji drives the sarki of Rano out of Zamna Gaba, goes to Rano, rules two years at Bunu, then moves to Kur. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.70 |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | Kano | About 40 Wangarawa Muslim scholars from Mele make Yaji observe the prayer times and make Gurdamus the imam. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.70 |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | Kano | A mosque facing east is built under the sacred tree, and prayers are held five times a day. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.70 |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | Yaji marches on Santolo with the Wangarawa scholars and camps near Duji, fighting from morning till night without a decision. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.71 | |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | In the next day's general assault Gwaji stabs the enemy commander Hambari to death, rides into Santolo and takes the city. Yaji has everyone but women and children killed, stays seven days, destroys the wall and the sacred tree and returns to Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.72 | |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | The next year Yaji wages war on Warji and stays for a time; around this time all pagan tribes from Biri to Panda submit. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.72 | |
| AD 1349 – 1385 | Only Kwararafa does not obey, and Yaji goes to its country; the people flee to the rock hill of Tagara, he camps for seven months and finally they offer 100 slaves. It is also said that Yaji died here. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XI Yaji, p.72 | |
| AD 1385 – 1390 | Bugaya brings the Magujawa down from the Pongui rock and scatters them across the land, and entrusts power to the galadima; the land is at peace and regular tribute is paid. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XII Bugaya, p.72 | |
| AD 1390 – 1410 | Kanajeji lives near the Giza rock; asked by Kwararafa about tribute, he offers 200 slaves, and Kwararafa sends horses. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIII Kanajeji, p.73 | |
| AD 1390 – 1410 | The Umbatu war (with heavy losses, Lifidi quilted armor, iron helmets and chain mail are first introduced); two expeditions fail. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIII Kanajeji, p.73 | |
| AD 1390 – 1410 | On the third attempt he holds out two years at Betu, accepts the surrender of the starving inhabitants, gains 4,000 slaves and more, and makes peace. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIII Kanajeji, p.73 | |
| AD 1390 – 1410 | The next year he camps at Turunku to fight Zukzuk (Zazzau) but is defeated and returns to Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIII Kanajeji, p.73 | |
| AD 1390 – 1410 | Kano | Reviving the rites of the old faith, he makes drums from branches of the sacred tree, soaks them in water, then takes them out and walks around with them 40 times. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIII Kanajeji, p.73 |
| AD 1390 – 1410 | Zaria | He camps at Gadaz, kills the king of Zukzuk and wins a great victory, enters Zukzuk and lives eight months beside Sika, receiving enormous tribute. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIII Kanajeji, p.74 |
| AD 1410 – 1421 | Kano | Umaru, after being admonished by his friend Abubakra, resigns as sarki, and they leave together and spend the rest of their lives in repentance; state affairs are handled by the galadima. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIV Umaru, p.74 |
| AD 1421 – 1438 | Kano | Dagachi, a great prince from Bornu in the south, reaches Bompai with a band bearing horses, drums, guns and flags, and Dauda welcomes him and has a house built for him in Kano on the Dorai land. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XV Dauda, p.74 |
| AD 1421 – 1438 | Kano | Setting out on the Zaria campaign, Dauda leaves Kano to Dagachi to rule for five months, and Dagachi becomes very rich. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XV Dauda, p.75 |
| AD 1421 – 1438 | Zaria | Queen Amina of Zaria conquers all the cities as far as Kwararafa and Nupe and collects tribute; the conquests span 34 years; the king of Nupe sends 40 eunuchs and 10,000 kola nuts. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XV Dauda, p.75 |
| AD 1438 – 1452 | Kano | Abdullahi Burja opens the road from Bornu to Gwanja and gets the first camels in Hausaland. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XVI Abdulahi Burja, p.75 |
| AD 1438 – 1452 | Galadima Dawudu conquers the southern pagans over seven years and sends slaves; on the way back he founds villages every three miles, 21 villages with 1,000 slaves each, and on return gives the sarki 3,000 slaves. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XVI Abdulahi Burja, p.76 | |
| AD 1438 – 1452 | Kano | When Burja returns, Dagachi holds great power, has even built a house at Salamta, and it was Dagachi who opened the Karabka market. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XVI Abdulahi Burja, p.75 |
| AD 1452 | Kano | Dakauta, being mute, is made sarki in the hope that he will speak once king, but after a night without speaking he is driven out again. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XVII Dakauta, p.76 |
| AD 1452 | Kano | Dakauta's son Atuma, wary of Galadima Dauda, is driven from the sarki's seat after seven days. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XVIII Atuma, p.76 |
| AD 1452 – 1463 | Gaya | Agalfati comes to Kano with three brothers and becomes sarki of Gaya, Hadejia, Dal, Gayam and others. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIX Yakubu, p.76 |
| AD 1452 – 1463 | In Yakubu's time the Fulani come to Hausaland from Mele with books of theology and etymology; some stay and most go to Bornu. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIX Yakubu, p.76 | |
| AD 1452 – 1463 | Katsina | With Asben merchants salt becomes plentiful, Gwanja merchants begin coming to Katsina, and Arab immigrants settle in Kano and Katsina; there is no war in Hausaland. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XIX Yakubu, p.77 |
| AD 1463 – 1499 | Kano | In Rumfa's time Sharif Abdu Rahman, comparing the soil of Medina with soil from various lands as he traveled west, finds Kano's soil the same and settles here; Rumfa welcomes him into the city and establishes Islam. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XX Mohamma Rimfa, p.77 |
| AD 1463 – 1499 | Kano | Rumfa builds the Friday mosque and minaret on the site of the sacred tree. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XX Mohamma Rimfa, p.77 |
| AD 1463 – 1499 | Kano | Rumfa builds the Dakin Rumfa palace and extends the wall toward Kofan Mata, Kofan Gerlawasa and Kofan Kawayi; twelve reforms including the Kurmi market, eunuch offices and a thousand wives. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XX Mohamma Rimfa, p.77 |
| AD 1463 – 1499 | Katsina | In Rumfa's time the first war between Kano and Katsina lasts eleven years without a decision. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XX Mohamma Rimfa, p.78 |
| AD 1499 – 1509 | Katsina | Abdullahi attacks Katsina; the sarki's party stays four months by a river near Chagero and camps right up to the walls of Katsina. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXI Abdulahi, p.78 |
| AD 1499 – 1509 | Zaria | Next he fights at Zukzuk (Zaria), crushes the people of Zaria, then attacks the inhabitants of Kadara and Kalam. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXI Abdulahi |
| AD 1499 – 1509 | Kano | The king of Bornu attacks Kano and camps at Gunduwawa; Abdullahi goes out with scholars and greets him humbly, and the Bornu king turns back. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXI Abdulahi, p.78 |
| AD 1499 – 1509 | Kano | Abdullahi pacifies Dagachi, who shows signs of revolt, and has him submit, then removes him from office and puts his own slave in the post. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXI Abdulahi, p.78 |
| AD 1509 – 1565 | Kisoki attacks Ungurru, left vacant because of Agaidam, takes the city, collects only clothes and horses instead of captives, and stays a month in the forest outside the city. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXII Mohamma Kisoki, p.79 | |
| AD 1509 – 1565 | Kano | The next year the king of Bornu attacks Kano but fails to take the city and turns back; Kisoki climbs the wall and has songs praising the warriors sung for 40 days. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXII Mohamma Kisoki, p.79 |
| AD 1509 – 1565 | Kano | Shehu Tunus (the Eshtifa warlord) and Abdu Salam come to Kano and bring in books, and on Tunus's advice Kisoki builds a Friday mosque for the Fumawa. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXII Mohamma Kisoki, p.79 |
| AD 1565 | Kano | Yakufu rules four months and twenty days and is deposed by Guli. In the Kano civil war between the galadima and Guli, fought for 40 days, the galadima kills Guli; Yakufu declines reinstatement and goes off to the scholars. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIII Yakufu, p.80 |
| AD 1565 | Dauda Abasama is deposed after one month and twenty days and exiled with his brothers to Karmashe, where he builds a house. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIV Dauda Abasama, p.80 | |
| AD 1565 – 1573 | Kano | In the time of Abubakar Kado, Katsina's army defeats Kano and camps as far as Salamta, and Kano's army takes refuge in the city; the land is devastated and people remain only in walled towns like Karaye, Gwingwin, Maska and Tari or on rock hills. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXV Abubakr Kado, p.80 |
| AD 1565 – 1573 | Kano | Abubakar has the princes read the Qur'an and builds Gorón Fugachi for Qur'an recitation; eunuchs and scholars multiply. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXV Abubakr Kado, p.81 |
| AD 1573 – 1582 | Kankia | Shashere campaigns against Katsina and meets it at Kankiya, but Katsina's greater numbers prevail, and Kano's army abandons the king and flees, leaving only three, including San Turaki Mainya Narai. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVI Mohamma Shashere, p.81 |
| AD 1573 – 1582 | Kano | When Shashere's brothers try to assassinate the king, San Turaki Narai fights in his place, posing as the king in the mosque, and dies; the king escapes assassination. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVI Mohamma Shashere, p.81 |
| AD 1582 – 1618 | Daura | In Zaki's time the king of Kwararafa attacks Kano; the people of Kano abandon the capital and take refuge in Daura. Kwararafa swallows up the country and Kano is greatly weakened. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVII Mohamma Zaki, p.82 |
| AD 1582 – 1618 | Kano | Katsina keeps harassing Kano, and an 11-year famine strikes. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVII Mohamma Zaki, p.82 |
| AD 1582 – 1618 | Katsina | On the 22nd of Ramadan Zaki reaches the foot of Katsina at dawn and defeats the Katsina army at the Battle of Gurajin before the festival, taking 400 horses and 60 horse armors. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVII Mohamma Zaki, p.83 |
| AD 1582 – 1618 | Karaye | Zaki returns to Karaye and dies there (37 years and 5 months on the throne). | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVII Mohamma Zaki, p.83 |
| AD 1618 – 1623 | Karaye | Najaki asks for peace, but the Katsina king refuses and invades; at Karaye Kano's army defeats Katsina's. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVIII Mohamma Nazaki, p.83 |
| AD 1618 – 1623 | Kano | While the king is away on the Kalam campaign, the wombai gewa (an office) recovers from illness and builds a wall between Kofan Dogo and others, enlarging the city; the king rewards him with Karaye. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXVIII Mohamma Nazaki, p.83 |
| AD 1623 – 1648 | Kano | Kutumbi entrusts great power to his friend Kalina Atuman, and for 12 years the sarki acts more like a wazir; after his death Dawaki Kwashi shows signs of revolt but is persuaded and returns. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIX Kutumbi, p.84 |
| AD 1623 – 1648 | Dawaki Magara returns from the Bauchi campaign, founds a town at Ganjua and sends 2,000 slaves; angered, Kutumbi campaigns the next year, takes jizya, leaves 500 slaves and calls the place Ibdabura. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIX Kutumbi, p.84 | |
| AD 1623 – 1648 | Katsina | The next year Kutumbi attacks Katsina and wins, camping nine months at Dugazawa so that no one can leave Katsina. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIX Kutumbi, p.84 |
| AD 1623 – 1648 | The following year Kutumbi plunders Gumbe. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIX Kutumbi, p.85 | |
| AD 1623 – 1648 | Kano | Kutumbi begins collecting cattle (jangali) from the Fulani, the first of the Kano kings to do so. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIX Kutumbi, p.85 |
| AD 1623 – 1648 | Katsina | The Katsina army makes a night raid on Kutumbi, camped near Katsina's west gate; Kano's army all flee, and Kutumbi is pursued as far as Yashi and dies within three days. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXIX Kutumbi, p.85 |
| AD 1648 – 1649 | Kano | Alhaji is deposed after eight months and 24 days and withdraws to Dan Zaki. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXX Al Haji, p.85 |
| AD 1649 – 1651 | In Sekarau's time peace is made between Kano and Katsina, and Shehu Ataman declares that "the side that attacks will not win from now on." | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXI Shekkarau II, p.86 | |
| AD 1651 – 1652 | Kano | Madawaki Kuma drives Kukuna out after a year and installs Soyaki, his sister Fasuma's son. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXII Kukuna, p.86 |
| AD 1652 | Kano | Three months after Soyaki takes power, Kukuna advances with the Gaya army; in the battle at Hotoro Kano's army abandons Madawaki Kuma and flees, and Kukuna enters the palace and drives out Soyaki. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXIII Soyaki, p.86 |
| AD 1652 – 1660 | Auyo | When Adashu, king of Kwararafa, attacks Kano, Kukuna stays seven days at Yan Magada and 40 days at Ayuwa and Abewa; on his return he finds the gate of Kofan Kawayi collapsed, and seven days later has it rebuilt. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXIV Kukuna(복위), p.87 |
| AD 1652 – 1660 | Kano | He summons the Magujawa chief Janku and others for 21 days, gets a charm against deposition from the imam Yandoiya, and has it buried and fires lit at three places including Turaki Mainya's house. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXIV Kukuna(복위), p.87 |
| AD 1660 – 1670 | Kano | There is no war in Kano during Bawa's time; the ruined Gorón Fugachi built by Abubakar Kado is repaired and a school (Fugachin Kishi) is founded. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXV Bawa, p.87 |
| AD 1670 – 1703 | Kano | The king of Kwararafa invades Kano, enters Kofan Gadon Kaya and massacres the people of Kano; beside the Chibiri sacred object, 99 scholar-chiefs in front of the sarki and 100 warriors on each flank are almost wiped out; 97 named chiefs are among the dead. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVI Dadi, p.88 |
| AD 1670 – 1703 | Daura | Dadi flees to Daura, and Kwararafa pursues as far as Zali and turns back. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVI Dadi, p.88 |
| AD 1670 – 1703 | Gaya | When the sarki of Gaya, Farin Dushi, rebels and withholds jizya for three years, Dadi summons and kills him; afterward he appoints Dawaki Deba as sarki of Auzera. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVI Dadi, p.89 |
| AD 1703 – 1731 | Kano | Sharefa introduces seven extortionate practices, including karo and linsua. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVII Mohamma Sharefa, p.89 |
| AD 1703 – 1731 | Wombai Deba attacks Kiru, leaving only ashes, and takes many captives and much plunder. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVII Mohamma Sharefa, p.89 | |
| AD 1703 – 1731 | Yakubu Dan Mazura, king of Jemfara, attacks Kano; Kano loses the battle of Yerjana, and only a few remain beside the sarki as he returns to Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVII Mohamma Sharefa, p.89 | |
| AD 1703 – 1731 | Gaya | Sharefa has the sarki of Gaya build Gaya's wall, and walls are also built at Tarkai, Chocoa, Gano and elsewhere. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVII Mohamma Sharefa, p.89 |
| AD 1703 – 1731 | Kano | In Sharefa's time cowrie shells first come into Hausaland as money. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVII Mohamma Sharefa, p.90 |
| AD 1731 – 1743 | In Kumbari's time Kano and Gobir (King Soba of Gobir) fight a fierce, long war, each winning and losing daily. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVIII Kumbari, p.90 | |
| AD 1731 – 1743 | Mai Ali, king of Bornu, attacks Kano and camps three days at Fagi, but returns without a fight at the Shehus' urging. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVIII Kumbari, p.90 | |
| AD 1731 – 1743 | Dutsi | Kumbari fights Makuri, sarki of Dushi, and almost enters the city, but his retainers dissuade him and he returns; in this war Bugau, sarki of Auzera, is killed. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVIII Kumbari, p.90 |
| AD 1731 – 1743 | Kano | Kumbari levies jizya even on markets and scholars, so Arabs leave Kano and return to Katsina and the poor flee to the countryside; Turaki dissuades him and he stops. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXVIII Kumbari, p.90 |
| AD 1743 – 1753 | Kabe rejects Barbari, king of Gobir's offer of peace, so the next year Barbari attacks Kano; at the Battle of Dami Kano's army flees and Kabe is left alone with his slaves. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XXXIX Alhaji Kabe, p.91 | |
| AD 1753 – 1768 | Kano | The reign of Yaji (II) is peaceful with no discord with his brothers, and many people move to Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XL Yaji II, p.92 |
| AD 1768 – 1776 | Baba Zaki attacks Birnin Auyau but cannot take it, then raids Burumburumi, seizes the inhabitants and beheads them. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLI Babba Zaki, p.92 | |
| AD 1768 – 1776 | Kano | A guard of riflemen is established in Kano for the first time (and becomes the custom thereafter). | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLI Babba Zaki, p.92 |
| AD 1776 – 1781 | Kano | The reign of Dauda Abasama (II) is peaceful, without war or rebellion, and he follows the advice of Galadima Makarna. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLII Dauda Abasama II, p.93 |
| AD 1781 – 1807 | Kano | Alwali, angered by a request for 40 cattle for the dirki (leather-wrapped Qur'an), has youths open the leather with axes and take out the Qur'an inside. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIII Mohamma Alwali, p.93 |
| AD 1781 – 1807 | Zaria | The Fulani, invoking Islamic revival, conquer the seven Hausa states and drive Alwali out of Kano; he flees to Zaria, where the people curse him and drive him away. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIII Mohamma Alwali, p.93 |
| AD 1804 – 1807 | Alwali flees to Rano, but the Fulani pursue him as far as Burumai and kill him there; he fought the Fulani for three years. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIII Mohamma Alwali | |
| AD 1807 – 1819 | Kano | Sulimanu quarrels with the Fulani who bar his entry, asks Shehu Usman dan Fodio, receives a sword, a knife and a flag, enters at Gidan Rumfa and all of Kano submits except Fagam. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIV Sulimanu, p.94 |
| AD 1807 – 1819 | Sulimanu attacks Fagam and gains much plunder, then divides the city in two to prevent rebellion. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIV Sulimanu, p.94 | |
| AD 1807 – 1819 | Sokoto | Dabo dan Bazo clashes with Sulimanu over seeking a wife in Sokoto; the two go before dan Fodio in Sokoto, reconcile and return to Kano. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIV Sulimanu, p.94 |
| AD 1807 – 1819 | Zaria | Sulimanu sends Galadima Ibrahima to Zaria, conquers it and gains much plunder. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLIV Sulimanu, p.94 |
| AD 1819 – 1846 | Kano | Immediately after Ibrahim Dabo takes office, provincial sarkis rebel (the Tawaye); after 40 days of prayer he camps on Dala hill and is called "he who camped at Dala." | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLV Ibrahim Dabo, p.95 |
| AD 1819 – 1846 | Karaye | Dabo sends Sarki Dawaki Manu Maituta to attack and take Karaye. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLV Ibrahim Dabo, p.95 |
| AD 1819 – 1846 | Dabo goes in person to Jirima and takes the city, then attacks Gasokoli and Jijita and is called "Dabo who plunders cities." | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLV Ibrahim Dabo, p.95 | |
| AD 1819 – 1846 | Dabo attacks and defeats Dan Tunku at Yan Yahiya; Dan Tunku flees via Dambarta to Kazauri, and Dabo pursues him as far as Korenma, returns and destroys the house at Dambarta. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLV Ibrahim Dabo, p.95 | |
| AD 1819 – 1846 | Rano | Dabo attacks Birnin Sankara and Rano, takes the city of Rano and stays at the house of its sarki; he shaves his head only when taking a city. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLV Ibrahim Dabo, p.95 |
| AD 1846 – 1855 | Hadejia | In Osumanu's time there is no war apart from the war with Hadejia, and thieves become numerous (the king cut off neither hands nor heads). | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVI Osumanu, p.96 |
| AD 1846 – 1855 | Kano | When Belo, sarki of Dushi, rebels, the king lures him to Kano and deposes him. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVI Osumanu, p.96 |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Kano | Abdullahi has thieves' hands cut off, and a great famine occurs; he is called "Abdu Sarkin Yenka." | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.96 |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | In the long fight against Umbatu he attacks Kuluki first, but when Dan Iya Lowal dies, Abdullahi returns and sends his son Tafida and Sarki Dawaki Dan Ladan and his son Tafida to the land of Zaria. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.96 | |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | When Dan Boskori (sarki of Maradi) invades Gworzo, the king fights him from the west, but Kano's army flees and Sarki Dawaki Dan Ladan is killed. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.96 | |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Abdullahi attacks Warji and gains huge plunder at Shir (about 400 Warji corpses), and attacks once more so that Kano is full of slaves. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.97 | |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | With Abdullahi gone to Sokoto, his son Yusufu fights Dan Maji at Tarkai and Dubaiya and is defeated; he then attacks Haruna (Dan Maji's son) at Yambo and kills about 700. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.97 | |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | He fights Dan Maji at Waso, but because it is evening the light fades and Dan Maji's life is spared; he also attacks Betu without success. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.97 | |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Zaria | Abdullahi camps at Afira and Zungonaiya in Zaria, reconciles the king of Zaria with the rebel Madawaki Ali, and returns. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.97 |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Kusada | When Dan Boskori, king of Maradi, comes to Katsina, Abdullahi faces him at Kusada, and they only glare at each other and turn back ("Algishi Bigishi"). | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.98 |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Bichi | Sarki Barafia of Maradi and the sarki of Kano fight at Bichi, and Barafia flees; Abdullahi gains all the spoils. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.98 |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Baba, king of Damagaram, comes as far as Jirima and plunders Garun Allah. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.98 | |
| AD 1855 – 1883 | Abdullahi dies at Karofi on his way to Sokoto after a reign of 27 years and 8 days. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVII Abdulahi, p.98 | |
| AD 1883 – 1892 | Kano | Bello puts his friend Sarkin Fada Dan Gatuma in charge of Kano as wazir, and when he dies takes charge himself, dismisses Galadima Ibrahim and exiles him to Funkui, and makes his son Tukur galadima. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVIII Mohammed Belo, p.98 |
| AD 1883 – 1892 | Kano | Bello appoints his son Zakari to San Turaki and another son, Abubakar, to Chiroma. | Palmer 1908, Kano Chronicle §XLVIII Mohammed Belo, p.98 |