Shoku Nihongi (Continued Chronicles of Japan): a Standard history source. Covers AD 697 – 791, with 164 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 697 – 791 |
| Events | 164 events, 148 placed on the map |
| Author | 菅野眞道 등 칙찬(勅撰) |
| Original title | 續日本紀 |
Regions: Japan 148 · China 16
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 697 | Fujiwara-kyo | Emperor Monmu accedes to the throne by abdication (first year, eighth month, day Kōshi-saku). | 續日本紀 卷第1 「元年八月甲子朔元年八」 |
| AD 697 | Fujiwara-kyo | Silla envoys, Ilgilchan Kim Pildeok, vice-envoy Nama Kim Imsang and others, come to pay court. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「辛夘。新羅使一吉飡金」 |
| AD 698 | Mukō sends the doctor Bunchūki and eight others to the southern islands to seek out the land, and gives them weapons. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「壬寅。遣務廣貳文忌寸」 | |
| AD 698 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu is ordered to repair three castles: Ōno, Ki and Kikuchi. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「甲申。令大宰府繕治大」 |
| AD 698 | Watarai-gun | The Great Shrine of Taiki is moved to Watarai District. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「乙夘。遷多氣大神宮于」 |
| AD 699 | Izu-Oshima | The engineer En no Ozunu (En no Gyōja), accused of misleading people by sorcery, is exiled to Izu. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「丁丑。役君小角流于伊」 |
| AD 699 | Yakushima | People of Tanega, Yaku, Amami, Tokan and others follow the court envoys, present local products, and receive ranks and goods. Tokan's contact with China begins at this time. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「秋七月辛未。多■。夜」 |
| AD 700 | Saeki no Maro is appointed great envoy to Silla, and Sami no Kasamaro vice-envoy. | 續日本紀 卷第1 「五月辛酉。以直廣肆佐」 | |
| AD 701 | Fujiwara-kyo | Awata no Mahito is appointed envoy to Tang (holding the sword of authority), Takahashi no Kasamaro great envoy, and Sakaiabe no Okita vice-envoy. | 續日本紀 卷第2 「丁酉。以守民部尚書直」 |
| AD 701 | Fujiwara-kyo | The sword of authority is given to the envoy to Tang, Awata no Mahito. | 續日本紀 卷第2 「己夘。入唐使粟田朝臣」 |
| AD 702 | Tsukushi | The Tang embassy party put to sea from Tsukushi last year, but rough waves prevented their crossing; at this time they set out again. | 續日本紀 卷第2 「乙丑。遣唐使等去年從」 |
| AD 702 | Satsuma | When the Hayato of Satsuma defied orders, an army was raised to punish them, household registers were arranged, and officials were posted. | 續日本紀 卷第2 「八月丙申朔。薩摩多■」 |
| AD 702 | Fujiwara-kyo | Retired Emperor Jitō dies; by her testament a frugal funeral is ordered. | 續日本紀 卷第2 「甲寅。太上天皇崩。遺」 |
| AD 703 | Asuka | A posthumous title, 'Ōyamato Nenoame no Hironohime no Mikoto' (大倭根子天之廣野日女尊), is conferred, and that day she is cremated on Asuka hill. | 續日本紀 卷第3 「癸酉。從四位上當麻眞」 |
| AD 704 | Fujiwara-kyo | Bizen Province presents a divine horse; an auspicious cloud (keiun) appears above the western tower. A great amnesty is granted and the era is changed to Keiun 1st year. | 續日本紀 卷第3 「五月甲午。備前國獻神」 |
| AD 704 | Fujiwara-kyo | Awata no Mahito returns from Tang. On first arriving in Tang he answered that they were envoys of Japan, and the account continues with the circumstances in which Tang changed its name to Great Zhou. | 續日本紀 卷第3 「秋七月甲申朔。正四位」 |
| AD 707 | Fujiwara-kyo | The princes and officials of fifth rank and above are ordered to discuss a move of the capital. | 續日本紀 卷第3 「戊子。詔諸王臣五位已」 |
| AD 707 | Fujiwara-kyo | Emperor Monmu dies; by his testament, three days of lamentation and one month of mourning dress. | 續日本紀 卷第3 「辛巳。天皇崩。遺詔。」 |
| AD 707 | Fujiwara-kyo | Empress Genmei accedes to the throne at the Daigoku-den. | 續日本紀 卷第4 「秋七月壬子。天皇即位」 |
| AD 708 | Chichibu | Chichibu District of Musashi presents wadō (copper); by edict the era is changed to Wadō. | 續日本紀 卷第4 「和銅元年春正月乙巳。」 |
| AD 708 | Heijo-kyo | The empress issues an edict on moving the capital, declaring that she accedes to the sincere wish of princes and great ministers to build a capital. | 續日本紀 卷第4 「戊寅。詔曰。朕祗奉上」 |
| AD 709 | Mutsu (Taga) | The Emishi of Mutsu and Echigo rise up; troops are levied from several provinces. Kose no Maro is made Chindō Shōgun and Saeki no Isoyu is named general to subdue the Echigo Emishi; they are sent out by two routes. | 續日本紀 卷第4 「壬戌。陸奥越後二國蝦」 |
| AD 709 | Fujiwara-kyo | Subduing general of the Emishi Saeki no Isoyu and deputy general Ki no Morohito finish their mission and return to court; the empress shows them special favor. | 續日本紀 卷第4 「戊申。征蝦夷將軍正五」 |
| AD 710 | Heijo-kyo | The capital is moved to Heijō-kyō, and Isonokami no Maro is appointed caretaker (rusu). | 續日本紀 卷第5 「辛酉。始遷都于平城。」 |
| AD 713 | Tango | Five districts of Tamba are split off to form Tango Province, six of Bizen to form Mimasaka Province, and four of Hyūga to form Ōsumi Province, established for the first time. | 續日本紀 卷第6 「夏四月乙未。割丹波國」 |
| AD 713 | Osumi | Generals and solders of the Hayato campaign who had merit, about 1,280 persons, are granted honors according to their merit. | 續日本紀 卷第6 「秋七月丙寅。詔曰。授」 |
| AD 714 | Because the Hayato did not submit to civilization, two hundred households from Buzen Province are moved to guide and encourage them. | 續日本紀 卷第6 「壬寅。隼人昏荒。野心」 | |
| AD 715 | Heijo-kyo | The emishi of Mutsu and Dewa, and peoples of the southern islands (Amami, Yaku, Tokan, Shinkaku, Kumi) come to court and present local goods. From this time gongs and drums are used at the New Year assembly (genkai). | 續日本紀 卷第6 「靈龜元年春正月甲申朔」 |
| AD 715 | Heijo-kyo | Empress Genshō accedes to the throne by abdication at the Daigoku-den, and the era is changed to Reiki 1st year. | 續日本紀 卷第7 「靈龜元年九月庚辰。受」 |
| AD 716 | Ōtomo no Yamamori is appointed great envoy to Tang, in place of the previous one. | 續日本紀 卷第7 「九月丙子。以從五位下」 | |
| AD 717 | Kasuga-yama | The envoy to Tang offers rites to the kami south of Mount Mikasa. | 續日本紀 卷第7 「二月壬申朔。遣唐使祠」 |
| AD 717 | Heijo-kyo | Tajihi no Agatamori, escort (oversight) envoy to Tang, is given the sword of authority. | 續日本紀 卷第7 「己酉。遣唐押使從四位」 |
| AD 717 | Mino | The emperor visits Mino Province. | 續日本紀 卷第7 「丁未。天皇行幸美濃國」 |
| AD 718 | Mino | The emperor visits the sweet spring (reisen) in Mino Province. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「二月壬申。行幸美濃國」 |
| AD 718 | Noto | Four districts of Echizen are split off to form Noto Province; four districts of Kazusa form Awa Province; six districts of Mutsu form Iwaki Province; and five districts including Shirakawa form Iwase Province. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「乙未。割越前國之羽咋」 |
| AD 718 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu reports that the envoy to Tang Tajihi no Agatamori has returned. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「庚辰。大宰府言。遣唐」 |
| AD 720 | Osumi | The Dazaifu reports that the Hayato rebelled and killed Yōkono Fuhito Maro, governor of Ōsumi. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「壬子。大宰府奏言。隼」 |
| AD 720 | Osumi | Ōtomo no Tabito is named Sei Hayato Jitai Taishōgun (commander with sword for subduing the Hayato), and Kasano no Mimuro and Kose no Mahito are made deputy generals. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「三月丙辰。以中納言正」 |
| AD 720 | Mutsu (Taga) | Mutsu Province reports that during the Emishi rebellion the inspector Kamitsuke no Hirohito was killed. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「丁丑。陸奥國奏言。蝦」 |
| AD 720 | Mutsu (Taga) | Tajihi no Agatamori is appointed Shōgun for Subduing the Easterners with the sword of authority, and Abe no Suruga is named general for pacifying the Enemies; the sword is given that day. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「戊寅。以播磨按察使正」 |
| AD 721 | Osumi | Vice-generals of the Hayato campaign Kasano no Mimuro, Kose no Mahito and others return; beheaded and captured number over 1,400. | 續日本紀 卷第8 「壬子。征隼人副將軍從」 |
| AD 724 | Heijo-kyo | Emperor Shōmu accedes to the throne by abdication at the Daigoku-den and grants a great amnesty. | 續日本紀 卷第9 「二月甲午。受禪即位於」 |
| AD 724 | Mutsu (Taga) | Fujiwara no Umakai, great envoy with the sword of authority for the subjugation of the Easterners, and Ono no Ushikai, pacifying general, return. | 續日本紀 卷第9 「乙酉。征夷持節大使正」 |
| AD 728 | Heijo-kyo | The emperor receives the court greetings of kings, the hundred officials, and the envoys of Bohai at the Daigoku-den. | 續日本紀 卷第10 「庚子。天皇御大極殿。」 |
| AD 729 | Heijo-kyo | An imperial edict declares the Minister of the Left, Prince Nagaya, wicked, and states that his associates were removed. | 續日本紀 卷第10 「丙子。勅曰。左大臣正」 |
| AD 731 | Heijo-kyo | The restrictions on the followers of the monk Gyōki are lifted, and ordination is permitted for men aged 61 and over and women aged 55 and over. | 續日本紀 卷第11 「癸未。主典已上三百九」 |
| AD 732 | Heijo-kyo | Tajihi no Hironari is named great envoy to Tang, Nakatomi no Nadai vice-envoy, and Fujiwara no Fusasaki and others are named circuit commissioners for the Tōkai, Tōsan, San'in and Saikaidō circuits. | 續日本紀 卷第11 「丁亥。以從四位上多治」 |
| AD 733 | Naniwa-no-miya | Four Tang envoy ships depart from Naniwa port. | 續日本紀 卷第11 「夏四月己亥。遣唐四船」 |
| AD 734 | Tanegashima | The Tang envoy Tajihi no Hironari and others arrive at Tane Island. | 續日本紀 卷第11 「十一月丁丑。入唐大使」 |
| AD 735 | Heijo-kyo | It is reported that Silla renamed itself Wangseong-guk; the Ministry of War asks the purpose of the court visit and sends the envoy back. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「癸丑。遣中納言正三位」 |
| AD 735 | Heijo-kyo | Great Envoy Tajihi no Hironari returns from Tang and hands back the sword of authority. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「三月丙寅。入唐大使從」 |
| AD 735 | Heijo-kyo | The Tang-returned student Shimotsumichi no Makibi presents 130 volumes of the Tang Rites, the Daien-reki-kyō calendar, a shadow-measuring iron rule, pitch pipes, the Gakusho yōroku and others. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「辛亥。入唐留學生從八」 |
| AD 735 | Heijo-kyo | 296 Hayato from Ōsumi and Satsuma come to court and present tribute. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「秋七月己夘。大隅。薩」 |
| AD 735 | Dazaifu | Many die of epidemic in the Dazaifu; offerings are made to the kami, sutra readings, medicine and relief are ordered. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「乙未。勅曰。如聞。比」 |
| AD 735 | This year there is a bad harvest; from summer to winter smallpox (touzu-sō, popularly called mo-sō) spreads across the realm, and many die young. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「是歳。年頗不稔。自夏」 | |
| AD 736 | Heijo-kyo | Deputy envoy to Tang Nakatomi no Nadai returns with three Tang people and one Persian. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「八月庚午。入唐副使從」 |
| AD 737 | Ogachi | Mutsu inspector Ōno no Azumahito asks for the punishment of Ōkachi village of the Emishi to open a direct route to Dewa; Fujiwara no Maro is sent as envoy with the sword of authority. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「丙申。先是。陸奧按察」 |
| AD 737 | Heijo-kyo | The envoy to Silla reports that Silla lost courtesy and did not accept the envoy's message; all officials from fifth rank up and sixth rank down are asked to give their opinions. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「己未。遣新羅使奏新羅」 |
| AD 737 | Taga-jo | Fujiwara no Maro arrives at the Taga palisade in Mutsu on the nineteenth day of the second month; consulting with Ōno no Azumahito, he gathers 1,000 cavalry from six provinces and opens two routes, mountain and sea, to win over the Emishi. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「戊午。遣陸奧持節大使」 |
| AD 737 | Tsukushi | The epidemic of smallpox greatly rises in spring, beginning in Tsukushi; from summer to autumn, people from court nobles downward die in succession. | 續日本紀 卷第12 「是年春。疫瘡大發。初」 |
| AD 738 | Heijo-kyo | Imperial Princess Abe is made crown princess and a great amnesty is granted; Tachibana no Moroe becomes Minister of the Right. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「壬午。立阿倍内親王爲」 |
| AD 739 | Heijo-kyo | The Bohai deputy envoy, Unhui General Kijinmong and others, come to court. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「癸夘。渤海使副使雲麾」 |
| AD 740 | Dazaifu | Dazaifu Vice-Governor Fujiwara no Hirotsugu submits a memorial stating the successes and failures of government and heavenly anomalies, and asks for the removal of Priest-Governor Genbō. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「癸未。大宰少貳從五位」 |
| AD 740 | Dazaifu | Hirotsugu raises troops and rebels; Ōno no Azumahito is made commander-in-chief, and 17,000 troops from five circuits are levied to suppress him. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「九月丁亥。廣嗣遂起兵」 |
| AD 740 | Itabitsu River | Hirotsugu leads over 10,000 horsemen to the Itabitsu River and tries to cross with the Hayato as vanguard; Saeki no Tsunehito and others block them with crossbows. The commander-in-chief prays to the Hachiman deity. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「壬戌。詔大將軍東人令」 |
| AD 740 | Ise | The sovereign visits Ise Province; that day he arrives at the temporary palace of Horikoshi in Chikuke village, Yamabe District. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「壬午。行幸伊勢國。以」 |
| AD 740 | Kuni-kyo | The sovereign arrives from Fuwa at the Yokokawa temporary palace in Sakata District; Moroe goes ahead to take Kuni village in Sōraku District, Yamashiro, to prepare for the move of the capital. | 續日本紀 卷第13 「戊午。從不破發至坂田」 |
| AD 741 | Kuni-kyo | The sovereign receives court greetings for the first time at the Kuni palace; because the palace grounds are unfinished, they are enclosed with curtains. | 續日本紀 卷第14 「十三年春正月癸未朔。」 |
| AD 741 | The late Grand Minister of State Fujiwara no Ka returns the 5,000 households of his enfeoffed fief; 3,000 households are assigned to the provincial temples to pay for the great Buddha image. | 續日本紀 卷第14 「丁酉。故太政大臣藤原」 | |
| AD 742 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu is abolished and its public goods are handed over to the governor of Chikuzen. | 續日本紀 卷第14 「辛亥。廢大宰府。遣右」 |
| AD 742 | Shigaraki-no-miya | The sovereign announces a visit to Shigaraki village, Koka District, Ōmi Province, and appoints officials to build the detached palace. | 續日本紀 卷第14 「癸未。詔曰。朕將行幸」 |
| AD 743 | Shigaraki-no-miya | At Shigaraki palace the sovereign opens the temple site for the first time to build a Rushana (Vairocana) Buddha image; the monk Gyōki leads his disciples to encourage the people. | 續日本紀 卷第15 「乙酉。皇帝御紫香樂宮」 |
| AD 744 | Naniwa-no-miya | The sovereign visits Naniwa palace; Prince Suzuka and Fujiwara no Nakamaro become the caretakers. | 續日本紀 卷第15 「乙亥。天皇行幸難波宮」 |
| AD 744 | Kuni-kyo | Those among the people of Kuni who wish to move to Naniwa palace are allowed to do so as they please. | 續日本紀 卷第15 「乙夘。恭仁京百姓情願」 |
| AD 744 | Naniwa-no-miya | The Minister of the Left proclaims by imperial decree that Naniwa palace is designated as the imperial capital. | 續日本紀 卷第15 「庚申。左大臣宣勅云。」 |
| AD 744 | Shigaraki-no-miya | At Kōka-ji the first body-frame pillar (taikotsu-chū) of the Rushana image is erected, and the sovereign personally pulls the rope. | 續日本紀 卷第15 「十一月壬申。甲賀寺始」 |
| AD 745 | Shigaraki-no-miya | Gyōki is made Great Archbishop (daisōjō). | 續日本紀 卷第16 「己夘。詔以行基法師爲」 |
| AD 745 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu is re-established and Ishikawa no Kami is made Grand Assistant (dai-ni). | 續日本紀 卷第16 「辛夘。復置大宰府。以」 |
| AD 745 | Heijo-kyo | The imperial procession returns to Heijō and stays at the Miyaike post station. | 續日本紀 卷第16 「己夘。車駕還平城。是」 |
| AD 746 | Todai-ji | The sovereign, the retired sovereign and the empress visit Kinshōji and offer lamps before the Rushana Buddha (more than 15,700 lamps). | 續日本紀 卷第16 「甲寅。天皇。太上天皇」 |
| AD 746 | Dewa | More than 1,100 Bohai people and Tieli people come to court seeking asylum; they are housed in Dewa Province and then sent back with clothing and provisions. | 續日本紀 卷第16 「是年。渤海人及鐵利惣」 |
| AD 748 | Heijo-kyo | The retired sovereign (Genshō) dies in the inner palace, aged 69. | 續日本紀 卷第17 「夏四月庚申。太上天皇」 |
| AD 749 | Heijo-kyo | Great Archbishop Gyōki passes away. | 續日本紀 卷第17 「二月丁酉。大僧正行基」 |
| AD 749 | Todai-ji | The sovereign visits Tōdai-ji and faces north before the Rushana image; Minister of the Left Tachibana no Moroe, by imperial order, reports to the Buddha. | 續日本紀 卷第17 「夏四月甲午朔。天皇幸」 |
| AD 749 | Heijo-kyo | The crown prince accedes to the throne by abdication at the Daigoku-den (Kōken). | 續日本紀 卷第17 「秋七月甲午。皇太子受」 |
| AD 749 | Usa | The great deity of Hachiman gives an oracle and sets out toward the capital. | 續日本紀 卷第17 「己酉。八幡大神託宣向」 |
| AD 749 | Todai-ji | A negi (priest) of the Hachiman deity visits Tōdai-ji; the sovereign, the retired sovereign and the grand empress dowager also visit. Five thousand monks perform worship and sutra chanting. | 續日本紀 卷第17 「丁亥。八幡大神祢宜尼」 |
| AD 750 | Heijo-kyo | Fujiwara no Kiyokawa is appointed great envoy to Tang and Ōtomo no Komaro vice-envoy. | 續日本紀 卷第18 「己酉。任遣唐使。以從」 |
| AD 752 | Heijo-kyo | The deputy envoy and above of the Tang embassy are called to the inner hall and given the sword of authority; Kiyokawa is raised to Senior Fourth Rank, lower grade. | 續日本紀 卷第18 「閏三月丙辰。召遣唐使」 |
| AD 752 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu reports that the Silla prince Kim Taeryeom and tribute envoy Kim Hwon, with over 700 people in seven ships, have arrived. | 續日本紀 卷第18 「己巳。大宰府奏。新羅」 |
| AD 752 | Todai-ji | The great Rushana Buddha image is completed and its eyes are opened. That day, ten thousand monks are invited to Tōdai-ji for a great Buddhist feast. | 續日本紀 卷第18 「夏四月乙酉。盧舍那大」 |
| AD 752 | Sado | Bohai envoy Mo Simong, with the title of Grand General for Protecting the State, and others reach Sado Island in Echigo Province. | 續日本紀 卷第18 「丁夘。渤海使輔國大將」 |
| AD 754 | Yakushima | The Dazaifu reports that the ship of Kibi no Makibi, vice-envoy to Tang, reached Yaku Island on the seventh day of the twelfth month of last year and set out, but drifted ashore at Muro Cape in Kii Province. | 續日本紀 卷第19 「癸丑。大宰府奏。入唐」 |
| AD 756 | Heijo-kyo | The retired sovereign Shōmu dies in his private chambers; by his will, Prince Dōsō is made crown prince. | 續日本紀 卷第19 「五月乙夘。遣左大弁正」 |
| AD 756 | Ito-jo | Construction of Itojō castle begins, handled by the Dazaifu grand assistant Kibi no Makibi. | 續日本紀 卷第19 「甲辰。始築怡土城。令」 |
| AD 757 | Heijo-kyo | Fujiwara no Nagate and others again interrogate the suspects, who testify that they plotted three times, including at the house of Naramaro. | 續日本紀 卷第20 「庚戌。詔。更遣中納言」 |
| AD 757 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu sakimori (frontier guards) are to be supplied not by troops of the peninsula provinces but by 1,000 soldiers from the seven Saikaidō provinces. | 續日本紀 卷第20 「壬申。勅曰。大宰府防」 |
| AD 758 | Heijo-kyo | Empress Takano abdicates in favor of the crown prince (Emperor Junnin) and issues an edict. | 續日本紀 卷第21 「天平寳字二年八月庚子」 |
| AD 758 | The envoy dispatched to Bohai, Ono no Tamori, reports news from Tang: An Lushan raised troops at Fanyang, entered Luoyang, and set up the hundred officials. | 續日本紀 卷第21 「戊申。遣渤海使小野朝」 | |
| AD 759 | Heijo-kyo | The late Gendō is raised to Outer Fifth Rank, lower grade, and made the envoy to welcome the Tang great envoy. | 續日本紀 卷第22 「丁酉。授正六位上高元」 |
| AD 759 | Hakata | The Dazaifu reports that, under the warning rules, more than 100 ships should be kept at the key points of Hakata-tsu, Iki and Tsushima. | 續日本紀 卷第22 「庚寅。大宰府言。府官」 |
| AD 759 | Dazaifu | The court orders the Dazaifu to establish march regulations with the aim of attacking Silla. | 續日本紀 卷第22 「壬子。令大宰府造行軍」 |
| AD 761 | With the aim of attacking Silla, twenty boys each from the provinces of Mino and Musashi are made to learn the Silla language. | 續日本紀 卷第23 「乙未。令美濃。武藏二」 | |
| AD 761 | Hora-no-miya | The sovereign visits the Hora palace (Hora-gū). | 續日本紀 卷第23 「甲子。行幸保良宮。」 |
| AD 762 | Dazaifu | Fujiwara no Mahikari is sent to entertain Tang people including Shen Weiyue at the Dazaifu. | 續日本紀 卷第24 「乙酉。遣參議從四位上」 |
| AD 762 | Dazaifu | The Dazaifu is ordered to make helmets and face-guards (menshū) and armor, 20,250 pieces each, for the circuit commissioners of the Tōkai, Nankai and Saikai circuits (new Tang style). | 續日本紀 卷第24 「丁未。造東海。南海。」 |
| AD 762 | Naniwa-no-miya | One of the Tang-bound envoy ships, sailing from Aki Province to the mouth of the Naniwa River, ran aground on a shoal and could not float; its stern was damaged. It is decided to use only two ships. | 續日本紀 卷第24 「丙寅。遣唐使駕船一隻」 |
| AD 762 | Heijo-kyo | Friction arises between Empress Takano and the sovereign, and the imperial procession returns to the Heijō palace. The sovereign stays at the Chūgū-in and Empress Takano at Hokke-ji. | 續日本紀 卷第24 「辛丑。高野天皇与帝有」 |
| AD 763 | Heijo-kyo | The great master Ganjin (Jianzhen, known as Daiwajō) dies. He was a great monk of the Yōkō-ji in Yangzhou; in the second year of Tianbao he crossed the sea at the request of men of renown and virtue, but his ship was wrecked by storms, and the account continues. | 續日本紀 卷第24 「五月戊申。大和上鑒眞」 |
| AD 764 | Heijo-kyo | The plot of Grand Preceptor Fujiwara no Oshikatsu is discovered; around the seal (ryōin) of the Chūgū-in, Sakanoue no Karitamaro and others shoot him dead. | 續日本紀 卷第25 「乙巳。太師藤原惠美朝」 |
| AD 764 | Heijo-kyo | Murakuni no Shimanushi, a minor official of Mino, is executed as a rebel, and the general for pacifying bandits, Fujiwara no Kurajimaro, and others return victorious. | 續日本紀 卷第25 「甲寅。美濃少掾正六位」 |
| AD 765 | Heijo-kyo | Junior Third Rank Prince Wake is executed for conspiracy. | 續日本紀 卷第26 「八月庚申朔。從三位和」 |
| AD 767 | Koreharu-jo (Isawa district) | Kuribara District of Mutsu Province is established; it was originally Iji Castle. | 續日本紀 卷第28 「十一月乙巳。置陸奥國」 |
| AD 769 | Heijo-kyo | Hōō Dōkyō takes up residence in the front hall of the West Palace; ministers and others offer congratulations, and Dōkyō himself gives a felicitation speech. | 續日本紀 卷第29 「壬申。法王道鏡居西宮」 |
| AD 770 | Heijo-kyo | Emperor Shōtoku dies in the inner chamber of the West Palace; Nagate and others decide the succession within the palace and establish the crown prince. | 續日本紀 卷第30 「癸巳。天皇崩于西宮寢」 |
| AD 770 | Shimotsuke Yakushi-ji | Dōkyō's ill intent toward the crown prince Eji is discovered; he is sent off to set out for the Yakushi-ji residence in Shimotsuke Province. | 續日本紀 卷第30 「庚戌。皇太子令旨。如」 |
| AD 770 | Heijo-kyo | Emperor Kōnin ascends the throne at the Daigoku-den, and the era is changed to Hōki. | 續日本紀 卷第31 「寳龜元年冬十月己丑朔」 |
| AD 771 | Noshiro | The Bohai envoy, Chŏngsu Taebu Il Manbok, and 325 persons arrive by 17 ships at Noshiro port in Dewa and are lodged in Hitachi Province. | 續日本紀 卷第31 「壬午。渤海國使青綬大」 |
| AD 773 | Noto | The memorial of the Bohai envoy O Subul is contrary to protocol, so his entry to court is refused; he is sent back with stipends and travel provisions, and told to come by this route in future. | 續日本紀 卷第32 「戊辰。遣使宣告渤海使」 |
| AD 774 | Momonoo-jo | The Emishi of the Kaidō burn the bridge, block the road, invade Momonoo castle and break down its western outer wall. | 續日本紀 卷第33 「壬戌。陸奥國言。海道」 |
| AD 774 | Mutsu (Taga) | The garrison generals report the Emishi as being on the level of rat thieves, and the sovereign reprimands them for rashness. | 續日本紀 卷第33 「辛夘。先是。天皇依鎭」 |
| AD 775 | Aki | Saeki no Imaemishi is appointed great envoy to Tang, with Ōtomo no Masutate and Fujiwara no Takatori as vice-envoys, and four envoy ships are ordered built in Aki Province. | 續日本紀 卷第33 「辛巳。以正四位下佐伯」 |
| AD 775 | Heijo-kyo | The former Minister of the Right, Kibi no Makibi, dies. His record states that he studied in Tang in the second year of Reiki and returned to court in the seventh year of Tenpyō. | 續日本紀 卷第33 「壬戌。前右大臣正二位」 |
| AD 775 | Dewa | Dewa Province, since the Emishi remnants have not been pacified for three years, asks for 996 garrison soldiers and the relocation of the provincial administration; soldiers are sent. | 續日本紀 卷第33 「癸酉。出羽國言。蝦夷」 |
| AD 776 | Mutsu (Taga) | Mutsu Province declares that in early April it will strike the enemy of the two mountain and sea routes with 20,000 soldiers; Dewa, with 4,000, will strike westward from Ōkachi. | 續日本紀 卷第34 「二月甲子。陸奥國言。」 |
| AD 776 | Heijo-kyo | The sword of authority is granted to the Tang embassy and an edict is proclaimed. | 續日本紀 卷第34 「壬申。御前殿賜遣唐使」 |
| AD 776 | Shiwa | In the village of Shiwa in Dewa, rebels rise; they fight the provincial army and the government forces are at a disadvantage, so cavalry from Shimōsa, Shimotsuke and Hitachi are dispatched. | 續日本紀 卷第34 「五月戊子。出羽國志波」 |
| AD 776 | Isawa | Three thousand soldiers from Mutsu are sent to attack the enemy of Isawa (胆沢). | 續日本紀 卷第34 「庚辰。發陸奥軍三千人」 |
| AD 776 | Kaga-gun | Sa Tomong of Bohai and 187 persons come to report the accession congratulations and the mourning for the queen; in a storm the rudder breaks and many drown; they are housed in Kaga District of Echizen. | 續日本紀 卷第34 「乙巳。渤海國遣獻可大」 |
| AD 777 | Kasuga-yama | The Tang-bound envoys offer sacrifices to the heavenly and earthly deities at the foot of Mount Kasuga; because they could not cross last year due to storms, Vice-envoy Ono no Ishine performed the sacrifice again. | 續日本紀 卷第34 「二月戊子。遣唐使拜天」 |
| AD 777 | Mutsu (Taga) | Mutsu Province, exhausted after using soldiers from the whole country in April against the enemy of the two routes, asks for exemption from this year's tribute and last year's land tax; it is granted. | 續日本紀 卷第34 「九月癸亥。陸奥國言。」 |
| AD 778 | Mutsu (Taga) | Ranks are granted to 2,267 persons of Mutsu and Dewa, from the provincial governors down, who showed merit in the campaign; Iji no Atai Azamaro also receives Outer Fifth Rank, lower grade. | 續日本紀 卷第35 「六月庚子。賜陸奥出羽」 |
| AD 778 | Matsuura | The third ship of the Tang embassy reaches Tachibana Port in Matsura District, Hizen Province; Ono no Shigeno reports, including that it set out from the sea in the sixth month of the seventh year and arrived at Hailing County in Yangzhou. | 續日本紀 卷第35 「乙未。遣唐使第三船到」 |
| AD 778 | Koshikijima | The fourth Tang-bound ship reaches Koshiki District in Satsuma. Judge Umino Mitori and others drift to Tamna (Jeju) and are held there; the recorder Hanguk Yeonwon and others escape. | 續日本紀 卷第35 「壬子。遣唐第四船來泊」 |
| AD 779 | Heijo-kyo | The Bohai envoy Chang Sonsu reports that Goryeo envoys were shipwrecked, and that they built two ships and followed him to court. | 續日本紀 卷第35 「丙午。渤海使張仙壽等」 |
| AD 779 | The vice-envoy to Tang Ōkami no Suetari and others arrive from Tang. | 續日本紀 卷第35 「辛亥。遣唐副使從五位」 | |
| AD 779 | Dazaifu | An imperial order to the Dazaifu: the Silla envoy Kim Nanson and others came with a New Year tribute, but they are to be questioned on their reasons for entering court, including whether they carry a letter case. | 續日本紀 卷第35 「冬十月乙巳。勅大宰府」 |
| AD 780 | Koreharu-jo (Isawa district) | Iji no Atai Azamaro rebels and, leading his followers, kills the inspector Ki no Hirozumi at Iji Castle. | 續日本紀 卷第36 「丁亥。陸奧國上治郡大」 |
| AD 780 | Heijo-kyo | Fujiwara no Tsuguna is made great envoy for the conquest of the East (Seitō Taishi), with Ōtomo no Masutate and Ki no Kosami as vice-envoys. | 續日本紀 卷第36 「癸巳。以中納言從三位」 |
| AD 781 | Heijo-kyo | His younger brother, Prince Sawara, is made crown prince. | 續日本紀 卷第36 「壬辰。立皇弟早良親王」 |
| AD 781 | Heijo-kyo | Fujiwara no Oguromaro, inspector of Mutsu, completes his punitive campaign, returns to court, and receives Senior Third Rank. | 續日本紀 卷第36 「辛亥。陸奥按察使正四」 |
| AD 781 | Heijo-kyo | Retired Emperor Kōnin dies, aged 73. | 續日本紀 卷第36 「丁未。太上天皇崩。春」 |
| AD 782 | Heijo-kyo | The conspiracy of Hikami no Kawatsugu, governor of Inaba, is discovered; when he flees, the Three Barriers are guarded and searched. | 續日本紀 卷第37 「閏正月甲子。因幡國守」 |
| AD 782 | Heijo-kyo | The sovereign issues an edict noting that no era name had been used, and sets a new era name (Enryaku). | 續日本紀 卷第37 「己巳。詔曰。殷周以前」 |
| AD 783 | An imperial order to the provinces of the peninsula: because the Emishi rise and military levies are frequent and the realm is exhausted, envoys are sent to comfort them and the granaries are opened to supply them. | 續日本紀 卷第37 「乙丑。勅坂東諸國曰。」 | |
| AD 783 | Ogachi | In the eleventh year of Hōki, the people of the two districts of Ōkachi and Hiraka were plundered by the enemy; the military administration was rebuilt, but as tribute was hard to pay, a three-year exemption is granted by imperial decree. | 續日本紀 卷第37 「六月丙午朔。出羽國言」 |
| AD 784 | Heijo-kyo | Ōtomo no Yakamochi is named Sessetsu-ken Seitō Shōgun (commander holding the sword for the conquest of the East), and Fumiya no Yoki is made vice-general. | 續日本紀 卷第38 「己丑。從三位大伴宿祢」 |
| AD 784 | Kamo-jinja | Ki no Funamori is sent to the Kamo shrine to report the reason for the move, and tribute and corvée goods are delivered to the Nagaoka palace. | 續日本紀 卷第38 「壬子。遣參議近衛中將」 |
| AD 784 | Nagaoka-kyo | The sovereign moves to the Nagaoka palace. | 續日本紀 卷第38 「戊申。天皇移幸長岡宮」 |
| AD 784 | Nagaoka-kyo | Hata no Tarinaga of Kadono District, Yamashiro, receives Senior Fifth Rank, lower grade, for his merit in building the palace walls. | 續日本紀 卷第38 「乙酉。山背國葛野郡人」 |
| AD 785 | Nagaoka-kyo | Chūnagon Fujiwara no Tanetsugu is struck by a bandit's arrow and dies. | 續日本紀 卷第38 「乙夘。中納言正三位兼」 |
| AD 786 | Dewa | The Dewa Province reports that 65 persons, including the Bohai envoy Yi Wontae, drifted ashore in one ship, and that twelve of them were seized and plundered by the Emishi. | 續日本紀 卷第39 「九月甲辰。出羽國言。」 |
| AD 788 | Naniwa-no-miya | Waake no Kiyomaro requests the construction of a canal and embankments on the border of Kawachi and Settsu, using about 230,000 laborers. | 續日本紀 卷第39 「甲子。中宮大夫從四位」 |
| AD 788 | Osumi | On the fourth day of the third month, the Dazaifu reports that at Sonomine in Sōyo District, Ōsumi Province, fire broke out with a sound like thunder, and sand fell in heaps. | 續日本紀 卷第39 「秋七月己酉。大宰府言」 |
| AD 788 | Nagaoka-kyo | Ki no Kosami is made great envoy for the conquest of the East (Seitō Taishi). | 續日本紀 卷第39 「辛亥。以參議左大弁正」 |
| AD 789 | Taga-jo | Imperial troops gather at the Taga castle in Mutsu and divide into routes to enter enemy territory. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「辛亥。諸國之軍會於陸」 |
| AD 789 | Koromo River | By imperial decree the great commander of the East is rebuked: the government troops have stayed at the Koromo River for over thirty days without advancing. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「五月癸丑。勅征東將軍」 |
| AD 789 | Isawa | The great commander of the East reports that the middle and rear troops, two thousand each, crossed the river and reached the dwelling of Aterui (阿弖流爲), where more than 300 enemies met them in battle. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「六月甲戌。征東將軍奏」 |
| AD 789 | Nagaoka-kyo | Ki no Kosami, great commander holding the sword for the conquest of the East, returns from Mutsu and hands back the sword of authority. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「九月丁未。持節征東大」 |
| AD 790 | For the Emishi campaign, the provinces are ordered to make 2,000 leather armors within a limit of three years. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「庚午。勅爲征蝦夷。仰」 | |
| AD 790 | From autumn to winter, men and women aged thirty and under in the capital region all contracted smallpox (touzu-sō), and severe cases died. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「是年秋冬。京畿男女年」 | |
| AD 791 | Nagaoka-kyo | Ōtomo no Otomaro is named great envoy for the conquest of the barbarians (Seii Taishi), with Kudara no Ō Junsetsu, Tajihi no Hamanari, Sakanoue no Tamuramaro and Kose no Notari as vice-envoys. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「壬申。從四位下大伴宿」 |
| AD 791 | Nagaoka-kyo | In Echizen, Tanba and other provinces, the gates of the Heijō palace are dismantled and moved to rebuild at the Nagaoka palace; killing oxen to sacrifice to the Han deities is prohibited. | 續日本紀 卷第40 「甲戌。仰越前。丹波。」 |
| AD 791 | The provinces of the Tōkai and Tōsan circuits are ordered to make more than 34,500 battle arrows (seisen). | 續日本紀 卷第40 「壬子。仰東海。東山二」 |
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