Region: The Americas · Coordinates: 19.428, -99.128 · 56 events
| Year | Source | Account |
|---|---|---|
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | The great chiefs whom Montezuma had sent ahead welcomed Cortés and kissed the hand they had placed on the ground: entry into Mexico. |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | After supper, Montezuma came to the Spaniards' lodging with many attendants. |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Cortés went out with mounted soldiers to the market of Tlatelolco. |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Having set up a church and altar in the lodging, they found the room of Montezuma's father and the treasure room, and decided to arrest Montezuma (chapter 93 title). |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Capture of Montezuma (chapter 96). |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Two small sailing boats for the lake were launched and decorated with royal banners (chapter 99). |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Cacamatzin and other nephews and relatives of Montezuma plotted with other lords to attack the Spanish troops and free Montezuma (chapter 100). |
| AD 1519 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Montezuma and several chiefs swore loyalty to the king (chapter 101 title). |
| AD 1519 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | From Iztapalapa along a two-league causeway he entered Tenochtitlan; Montezuma greeted him with 200 nobles and they exchanged necklaces. |
| AD 1519 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Montezuma said in a speech that, according to the records of his ancestors, they were not natives of this land and had been waiting for a lord who would come from the east; he accepted Cortés as envoy of the King of Spain. |
| AD 1519 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Cortés asked Montezuma to summon the killer Quauhpopoca and persuaded him to move to the Spanish quarters (the start of the detention). |
| AD 1519 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Quauhpopoca and his men were brought in and questioned; the text says that, asked whether Montezuma had ordered it, he denied it (his execution is outside the passage read). |
| AD 1519 | Florentine Codex | Cortés's party enters Mexico in battle formation and near Solojo is received by Moctezuma (on 8 November); they go together to the royal palace, where all the Spaniards lodge |
| AD 1519 | Florentine Codex | Moctezuma, imprisoned beside the Spaniards from 12 to 14 November 1519 to the end of June 1520, about eight months, learns Spanish and plays games with Alvarado |
| AD 1520 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | After first setting aside the king's fifth, Cortés demanded his own fifth, which he had been promised on the sand dunes (chapter 105). |
| AD 1520 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Montezuma told Cortés to leave Mexico with his soldiers, on the grounds that chiefs and priests were plotting rebellion (chapter 108 title). |
| AD 1520 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Montezuma asked Cortés why he was going to fight Narváez (chapter 115 title). |
| AD 1520 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | Montezuma was placed at the parapet of a rooftop, guarded by soldiers, and made to speak to the people: the great Mexican assault (chapter 126). |
| AD 1520 | Bernal Díaz, True History of the Conquest of New Spain | When Montezuma died, Cortés decided to inform the chiefs who were attacking (chapter 127). |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Montezuma addressed the lords, tears in his eyes, urging them to submit to the King of Spain. |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | The main idols of the great temple were rolled down the stairs, and a statue of the Virgin Mary and statues of saints were installed. |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | While things were calm, news came from the coast of ships (Narváez's fleet approaching). |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | To face Narváez, Cortés left Tenochtitlan and entrusted Montezuma and the city to Alvarado's side. |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | On the feast of Saint John (June 24) Cortés joined the Tenochtitlan garrison, and from the next day launched the assault of the siege. |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Montezuma died three days later after being struck on the head by stones thrown by his own subjects. |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Cortés climbed the tower of the great temple and swept away the enemy who had taken it. |
| AD 1520 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | The escape ('Sad Night'): crossing on a temporary wooden bridge laid over the bridge the natives had removed, they were badly defeated. |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | Cuitláhuac, lord of Iztapalapa and brother of Moctezuma, is raised to king and rules for 80 days, fighting the Spaniards without truce |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | While Cortés is at the coast, Alvarado attacks the nobles dancing in the temple courtyard during the Toxcatl festival and kills many; this starts the war between the Mexicans and the Spaniards (Ixtlilxochitl also notes the incitement of the Tlaxcalans and plunder as motives) |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | In 1520, while in Spanish hands, Moctezuma is killed by stones thrown by his own people (Tezozomoc notes that Cortés had him tell the people from the tower to lay down arms; they called him a coward, he was showered with arrows and stones, and died three days later) |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | After a long battle the Spaniards flee Mexico at night, and many are killed; they lose their Indian allies and baggage (Tezozomoc: 450 Spaniards, 4,000 allies and 46 horses died at Alvarado's leap, the Toltec canal; two of Moctezuma's sons and others also died) |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | The wounded Moctezuma, on the advice of Father Olmedo, is baptized and receives the name Don Carlos; Cortés, Olid and Alvarado serve as godfathers |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | Cortés arrives in Mexico on St John's day, 24 June; the city is quiet but the residents do not come out to greet him. The next day, a rebuke for the market not opening becomes the fuse and a great fight soon breaks out |
| AD 1520 | Florentine Codex | On the night before the Spaniards tried to leave the city, they stabbed Cacamatzin, the imprisoned king of Texcoco, 47 times with a dagger; the Mexicans had been about to set him up as king and resist |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | The two captains cut the aqueducts that supplied water to Tenochtitlan. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | The brigantines chased a canoe fleet 3 leagues across the lake, securing control of the lake. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | With Sandoval joining, Tenochtitlan was surrounded on all sides. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Cortés advanced along the causeways, repeatedly taking barricades and bridges, and tried to enter the city. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Having penetrated deep into the city, he was ambushed and suffered a severe defeat, and Cortés himself was in danger. Editor's note: 7 horses and 70 Spaniards taken prisoner. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | A victory from an ambush at the plaza made the enemy fear entering the plaza. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | On St. James's Day (July 25), the conquest of the city advanced. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Lacking gunpowder, they discussed building catapults and installed them in the market square. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Just before the fall, the chiefs asked for peace, but Cortés replied that the king must come in person. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Captain Garci Holguín of the brigantine captured the king (Cuauhtémoc), who was fleeing by canoe, and brought him to Cortés; the city surrendered. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | After the fall, Cortés decided to rebuild Tenochtitlan. |
| AD 1521 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | A fortress (shipyard) for storing the brigantines was built on the water. |
| AD 1521 | Florentine Codex | On St Hippolytus's day in August 1521 the Spaniards conquer Mexico; the ruler of Mexico at the time is Cuauhtemoc, and Texcoco is ruled by Coanacochtzin. The text says it will be treated in detail in Book 12, but Book 12 is not in this third volume |
| AD 1522 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Cortés led an expedition to Pánuco with 120 cavalry, 300 infantry and 40,000 natives, and suppressed the rebellious provinces. |
| AD 1523 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | When Garay came to Tenochtitlan, Cortés welcomed him, and they reached an agreement under oath. |
| AD 1524 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | The fourth letter was sent from Tenochtitlan on October 15, 1524. |
| AD 1524 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Having dealt with the Olid affair, Cortés resolved to lead the exploration to Honduras himself before his arm wound had healed. |
| AD 1526 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Returned to Mexico City, where Spaniards and natives welcomed him like a father. |
| AD 1526 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | During a bullfight on St. John's Day (June 24), he received a letter announcing the arrival of the inquisitor Luis Ponce. |
| AD 1526 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Inquisitor Ponce entered the city, and the city officials held a ceremony of handing over their authority. |
| AD 1526 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | Immediately after Ponce's death a funeral was held, and the city council asked Cortés to take up governance. |
| AD 1526 | Cortés, Letters from Mexico | The fifth letter was written at Tenochtitlan on September 3, 1526. |