George Akropolites, History: a Standard history source. Covers AD 1203 – 1261, with 42 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 1203 – 1261 |
| Events | 42 events, 24 placed on the map |
| Author | Georgios Akropolites |
| Original title | Georgius Acropolita, Annales |
Regions: Southern Europe 25 · West Asia 17
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1203 | Constantinopolis | The army of the Fourth Crusade arrives at Constantinople with Alexios, son of Isaac. | c.2 · L6752 |
| AD 1204 | Constantinopolis | After a 40-day siege the Crusaders take and sack Constantinople (April). | c.4 · L6868-6870 |
| AD 1204 | Constantinopolis | Alexios V Doukas kills Alexios IV and marries his daughter Eudokia. | c.5 · L6901-6903 |
| AD 1204 | Nicaea | Theodore Laskaris leaves Constantinople for Nicaea and persuades the inhabitants to accept him. | c.6 · L6977-6978 |
| AD 1208 | Nicaea | Michael Autoreianos crowns the despot Laskaris of Nicaea as emperor. | c.7 · L7027-7028 |
| AD 1211 | Antiochia ad Maeandrum | In a battle near the Maeander at Antioch, Theodore strikes down and kills the sultan. | c.9-10 · L7241-7249 |
| AD 1212 | Heraclea Pontica | Theodore defeats David and takes Heraclea, Amastris and other places. | c.11 · L7278-7279 |
| AD 1222 | Nicaea | John III Vatatzes takes the throne (at Nicaea, after Theodore's death). | c.22 · L8050 |
| AD 1225 | Adrianople | Theodore Komnenos takes Adrianople, shaking the Latin position. | c.24 · L8277 |
| AD 1230 | Clocotinitza(본문 지명) | At the battle of Klokotnitsa, Theodore Komnenos is defeated by Bulgarian and Scythian forces and captured. | c.25 · L8347-8348 |
| AD 1231 | Constantinopolis | John of Brienne, king of Jerusalem, comes by sea and arrives at Constantinople. | c.27 · L8455-8465 |
| AD 1232 | Pegae | On his way toward Pegai, John III is caught in a bitter blizzard and nearly 300 people freeze to death. | c.41 · L9342-9353 |
| AD 1246 | Philippi(본문 Philippos) | Kaliman I, ruler of Bulgaria, dies (poisoned or of illness; the text gives both accounts). | c.44-45 · L9526-9529 |
| AD 1246 | Serrae | John III bribes the local governor Dragotas and gains the fortress of Serres. | c.44 · L9592 |
| AD 1246 | Thessalonica | John III's army enters Thessalonica and drives out Demetrios (swearing to be exempt from attack by snow). | c.45 · L9986 |
| AD 1248 | Rhodus | The Nicaean side (John Kabalas) recovers by surprise the fortress of Rhodes, held by a Genoese garrison. | c.48 · L10139-10231 |
| AD 1254 | Nymphaeum | John III Vatatzes dies at Nymphaion (aged 62, after a 33-year reign). | L10782-10789 |
| AD 1254 | Nymphaeum | Theodore II Laskaris is crowned emperor and goes to Philadelphia. | L10825-10827 |
| AD 1254 | Stenimachus | After John's death, Michael Asen of Bulgaria recovers several old Macedonian and Thracian fortresses. | L10891-10894 · L10944-10961 |
| AD 1254 – 1258 | Beroe | The emperor takes the Bulgarian-held Beroe at the first approach, plunders its people and livestock, and returns to Adrianople. | c.56 · L11182-11184 |
| AD 1254 – 1258 | Melenicum | Dragotas, a commander in the Melenikon army, defects to the Bulgarians and besieges the walls of Melenikon (he dies while pursuing the emperor). | c.58 · L11266-11286 |
| AD 1254 – 1258 | Bizye | Near Didymoteichon Roman commanders fight Scythian raiders and are routed; the emperor pursues and slaughters many around Bizye. | c.61 · L11758-11760 |
| AD 1254 – 1258 | Tzepaena | Through the mediation of Uros, son-in-law of the king of Hungary, the emperor and the Bulgarian ruler make peace, confirmed by oath, on condition that Bulgaria returns the one fortress of Tzepaina it holds. | c.62 · L11806-11808 |
| AD 1254 – 1258 | Prilapus | The despot Michael lures the Albanon commander Kabarones, seizes him, then openly turns traitor (then tries to attack toward Prilep but is repulsed). | c.68 · L12435-12442 |
| AD 1254 – 1258 | Prilapum | The rebel Michael takes the fortress of Prilapon through the garrison's betrayal and captures the defenders. | c.72 · L167–168 |
| AD 1255 | Nicaea | Theodore II orders the monk Arsenios made patriarch of Nicaea (ordained within a week). | L10887-10889 |
| AD 1258 | 테오도로 2세 사망지 (본문 불명) | Emperor Theodore II dies in August, after a reign of under four years, and is buried at a monastery (Sosandra). | c.74 · L266–267 |
| AD 1258 | By his will Theodore II names Mouzalon regent with full powers over the empire (in place of his son John IV). | c.75 · L327–328 | |
| AD 1258 | Sosandrorum monasterium (소산드라 수도원 교회) | Mouzalon and his brothers are killed by a crowd in the church of the Sosandra monastery. | c.75 · L373–387 |
| AD 1258 – 1259 | Nicaea | Michael Komnenos goes to Nicaea and receives the imperial crown from Patriarch Arsenios (it is uncertain from the text alone whether the source's "Michael Comnenus" is the same man as the later Michael). | c.77 · L549–550 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Deabolis (Deabolim) | The sebastokrator John takes the fortress of Deabolis after a siege and its surrender. | c.80 · L840–842 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Castoria (Kastoria) | The prince of Achaia is taken prisoner at Kastoria. | c.81 · L989–990 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Platamone (Platamon) | In the battle near Platamon, Manfred's auxiliary force (about 400 horsemen) is routed and its commanders taken prisoner. | c.81 · L1014–1015 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Arta (Árta) | Strategopoulos and Raoul cross the Pindus mountains to Arta and take Arta (the situation later reverses). | c.82 · L1068–1071 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Ioannina (Ioánnina) | Nikephoros and his son John's side drive the imperial forces out of the Arta region and lift the siege of Ioannina. | c.82 · L1111–1116 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Lampsacus (Lapseki) | Emperor Michael winters at Lampsakos and sets out for Constantinople in spring. | c.83 · L1153–1154 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Galata (콘스탄티노폴리스 북안 구역) | The emperor camps at Galata north of Constantinople, prepares to attack and contacts the collaborator Aselos. | c.83 · L1189–1190 |
| AD 1259 – 1261 | Three Latin envoys ask for peace, and the emperor grants a truce of a little over a year. | c.83 · L1201–1203 | |
| AD 1261 | Constantinopolis | At night Strategopoulos's unit lets more than 15 men in through a gap in the wall. | c.85 · L1400–1402 |
| AD 1261 | Constantinopolis | Strategopoulos and the Roman army enter Constantinople, the Latins flee and the city returns to Roman hands (25 July). | c.85 · L1455–1456 |
| AD 1261 | Achyraum (아키라움) | Emperor Michael crosses the hill of Kalamai and camps near Akyraos. | c.87 · L1631–1632 |
| AD 1261 | Constantinopolis | Emperor Michael reaches Constantinople on 14 August and camps at the Kosmidion monastery near Blachernae. | c.88 · L1675–1677 |