Old History of the Five Dynasties (Jiu Wudai shi), Annals: a Standard history source. Covers AD 898 – 960, with 199 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 898 – 960 |
| Events | 199 events, 186 placed on the map |
| Author | 薛居正 등 |
| Original title | 舊五代史 本紀 |
Regions: China 199
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 898 | 貝州 | Liu Rengong of Youzhou, claiming a force of a hundred thousand Fan and Han troops, marched in force against Wei, took Beizhou and massacred its entire population. | 舊五代史 卷2 |
| AD 898 | 德州 | On the fifth month, day Gengyin, he attacked and took Dezhou, and displayed the head of the prefect Fu Gonghe on the city wall. | 舊五代史 卷2 |
| AD 901 | 華州 | On day Yimao, when the Liang army gathered beneath the walls of Huazhou, Han Jian panicked and surrendered the city. | 舊五代史 卷2 |
| AD 903 | 華州 | On day Bingchen, Li Cunshen, acting governor of Huazhou, sent flying cavalry to report that Wang Shifan of Qingzhou had sent his officer Zhang Hou with armor and weapons to attempt a ruse. | 舊五代史 卷2 |
| AD 903 | 臨朐 | In the ninth month, day Guimao, Yang Shihou fought Wang Shifan at Linqu; the Qing army was routed, more than ten thousand were killed, and Wang Shifan's younger brother Wang Shike was captured. | 舊五代史 卷2 |
| AD 907 | 汴州 | The Son of Heaven sent the Grand Censor Xue Yiju to convey his intention to abdicate in favor of Zhu Wen. | 舊五代史 卷3 |
| AD 907 | 汴州 | Emperor Zhaoxuan of Tang issued a letter in his own hand, abdicating the throne to Liang (as cited in the Zizhi Tongjian). | 舊五代史 卷3 |
| AD 907 | 鄂州 | Ezhou was repeatedly attacked by Huai barbarians; as the siege tightened and grain ran out, Du Hong asked for relief. | 舊五代史 卷3 |
| AD 907 | 江陵 | Zhou Rui's navy reached the border of Ezhou, but Langzhou broke its pact and used the gap at Jiangling to send troops that raided and plundered. | 舊五代史 卷3 |
| AD 907 | 鄂州 | After more than a year of siege, Wuchang ran out of food and, with no relief, fell to the Huai bandits; Du Hong was escorted to the Huai army. | 舊五代史 卷3 |
| AD 908 | 鼎口 | The Huai bandits sent over a hundred warships upriver to relieve Langzhou and anchored at Dingkou. | 舊五代史 卷4 |
| AD 908 | 潞州 | On the fifth month, day Dingchou, the royal army had besieged Luzhou for nearly two years, and Li Jintong was about to surrender. | 舊五代史 卷4 |
| AD 908 | 潞州 | Li Cunxu of Taiyuan offered lavish gifts to the northern tribes to win them over, gathered able-bodied men within his territory, and planned a decisive battle to save Shangdang. | 舊五代史 卷4 |
| AD 908 | 幕穀 | Liu Zhijun of Tongzhou led his army to repel them, pursued them to Mugu and crushed them, killing or capturing thousands and seizing armor. | 舊五代史 卷4 |
| AD 908 | 晉州 | On day Jiawu, a Taiyuan force of tens of thousands of foot and horse pressed on Jin and Jiang; after more than ten days without victory, and hearing that a great army was coming, they burned their camps and fled. | 舊五代史 卷4 |
| AD 908 | 太原 | On day Renxu of the second month, Li Cunzhang set an ambush, killed Li Kening, and quelled the rebellion. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 908 | 曹州 | In the same month, the young emperor of Tang (Li Zhu, Emperor Ai) died at Caozhou; the founder of Liang had him poisoned. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 908 | 潞州 | Li Siyuan struck the northeast corner with his household troops, while Li Cunzhang and Wang Ba burned the camps and dug through the double walls along two routes. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 908 | 潞州 | Li Siyuan breached the northeast corner of the double wall and attacked ahead; the Liang army was thrown into panic, fled south, and more than ten thousand heads were taken. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 909 | 商州 | Li Chou, prefect of Shangzhou, abandoned his troops and fled west, and Li Mei, the local officer, temporarily took over the affairs of the prefecture. | 舊五代史 卷4 |
| AD 909 | 襄州 | On the ninth month, day Dingyou, that city was taken; more than a thousand rebel soldiers were beheaded, and Li Hong, Yang Qian and others were sent to Luoyang and executed. | 舊五代史 卷5 |
| AD 909 | 邠州 | Kang Huaiying of Shanzhou and Kou Yanqing of Huazhou were sent to lead troops and press on Bin and Ning, delaying the Shuofang rebels. | 舊五代史 卷5 |
| AD 909 | 晉州 | In the eighth month the emperor led his army south; Zhou Dewei, Li Cunshen and Ding Hui were sent ahead to leave Yindi Pass and attack Jinzhou, digging tunnels. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 910 | 湖州 | Qian Liu, military governor of Zhenhai, crushed Gao Feng at Huzhou, killing or capturing ten thousand, and took and pacified Huzhou. | 舊五代史 卷5 |
| AD 910 | 夏州 | When the great army surrounded Xiazhou, Tingyin and Hanmei, with Zhang Chu and Li Junyong, led the townspeople and militia, shared the defense with Li Renfu, and held firm day and night. | 舊五代史 卷5 |
| AD 910 | 鎮州 | Wang Rong of Zhenzhou and Wang Chuzhi of Dingzhou rebelled and allied with the men of Jin, so a general was sent to subdue them. | 舊五代史 卷6 |
| AD 910 | 澤州 | In the winter, tenth month, Liang Zu sent Li Si'an and Yang Shihou to set up camps at Zezhou and attack Shangdang. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 910 | 柏鄉 | On day Dingchou, Wang Jingren set up camp at Baixiang, and the emperor took the field in person, marching east from Zanhuang county. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 911 | 柏鄉 | The Liang generals Wang Jingren, Han Qing and Li Si'an fled at night with only a few dozen riders. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 911 | 柏鄉 | In this battle twenty thousand heads were taken, along with three thousand horses and seventy thousand pieces of armor and weapons. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 911 | 黎陽 | Zhang Congchu and Cao Ru, garrison commanders of Liyang, surrendered with three thousand men, and their force was made into the Left and Right Kuangba units. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 911 | 博州 | On day Yichou, Zhou Dewei started from Linqing, circled through the Bei district, attacked Bozhou and took Dongwu and Chaocheng. | 舊五代史 卷27 |
| AD 912 | 棗強 | By edict, eleven officers including Du Hui, who had attacked and taken Zaoqiang county, were promoted out of turn. | 舊五代史 卷7 |
| AD 912 | 洛陽 | Han Qing, with five hundred household troops, mingled with Zhu Yougui's Kongheshi guards, hid inside the palace, cut through the gates at night and reached the bedchamber, and the attendants all scattered. | 舊五代史 卷7 |
| AD 912 | 幽州 | When Zhou Dewei pressed toward Youzhou, Liu Shouguang sent out troops to resist, but the Yan general Wang Xingfang and four hundred others came over and surrendered. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 912 | 魏州 | On day Jiazi, Liang Zu left Luoyang for Weizhou, sending Yang Shihou and Li Zhouyi to Zaoqiang in Zhenzhou and He Delun to Shuxian. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 912 | 滄州 | On day Xinchou, Zhang Wanjin, a commander at Cangzhou, killed the acting governor Liu Jiwei, proclaimed himself governor of Cang, sent word of submission to Liang, and asked the emperor to accept his surrender. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 912 | 羊頭岡 | On day Yimao, the first day of the fifth month, Zhou Dewei crushed the Yan army at Yangtougang, captured their great general Shan Tinggui, and beheaded more than five thousand. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 912 | 河中 | In autumn, eighth month, Zhu Yougui gave Han Qing, Kang Huaiying and Niu Cunjie fifty thousand troops and ordered them to rush an attack on Hezhong. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 912 | 平陽 | On day Guiwei, the emperor set out for Hezhong by the Zezhou road, met the Liang general Kang Huaiying at Pingyang, defeated him, beheaded more than a thousand, and pursued them to Baijing Ridge. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 913 | 汴州 | In the second month, day Gengyin, Zhu Yougui of Later Liang was killed by his general Yuan Xiangxian, and Zhu Youzhen (Prince Jun) was enthroned at Bianzhou. | 舊五代史 卷1 |
| AD 913 | 下博 | Liu Shouqi led a force from Beizhou to plunder Hengshui and Fucheng in Jizhou and took Xiabo. | 舊五代史 卷8 |
| AD 913 | 順州 | In the first month, day Dingsi, Zhou Dewei took Shunzhou and captured its prefect, Wang Zaisi. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 913 | 幽州 | Liu Shouguang hid in the mountains with a hundred-odd riders, but Zhou Dewei rushed ahead and blocked the city gates, so Liu Shouguang entered Yan city with only seven riders, including his trusted general Li Xiaoxi. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 914 | 徐州 | Jiang Yin asked Huainan for aid; Yang Pu sent his senior general Zhu Jin to help, but Niu Cunjie and others counterattacked and defeated them. | 舊五代史 卷8 |
| AD 915 | 魏州 | On the night of the twenty-ninth day of the third month, the Wei army rebelled, set fires and plundered; they first attacked the Longxiang army, and Wang Yanzhang broke through the gate and fled. | 舊五代史 卷8 |
| AD 915 | 澶州 | In autumn, seventh month, Wang Yanzhang, prefect of Chanzhou for Liang, feared the pressure of the imperial army, abandoned his city and fled. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 915 | 貝州 | In the eighth month, Liang general He Gui raided and took Chanzhou; the emperor sent Li Cunshen with five thousand troops to attack Beizhou, dig trenches and encircle it. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 916 | 太原 | In the same month, the Liang ruler gave the special commander Wang Tan fifty thousand troops and ordered him to march from Yindi Pass to Jinyang and attack urgently. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 916 | 莘縣 | On hearing that Liu Xun had been defeated at Shenxian and Wang Tan had fled from Jinyang, the Liang ruler sighed: My affairs are finished. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 916 | 相州 | Zhang Yun, military governor of Xiangzhou, abandoned his city and fled, and Yuan Jianfeng became prefect of Xiangzhou. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 916 | 蔚州 | The Khitan entered Yuzhou, and Li Siben, military governor of Zhenwu, was captured by the Khitan. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 916 | 滄州 | Dai Siyuan, military governor of Cangzhou for Liang, abandoned his city and fled, and former general Mao Zhang entered the city. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 916 | 代州 | When the Khitan invaded the frontier, the emperor led his household troops north on campaign; hearing of the fall of Yuzhou while north of Daizhou, he turned back. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 917 | 黎陽 | On day Jiashen of the second month, the Prince of Jin attacked Liyang, but Liu Xun held him off and forced him to withdraw. | 舊五代史 卷9 |
| AD 917 | 新州 | On day Jiawu of the second month, Lu Wenjin of Xinzhou killed the military governor Li Cunju, fled to the Khitan and led them in attacking Xinzhou. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 917 | 新州 | The Khitan rushed to attack Xinzhou; the prefect An Jinquan abandoned the city and fled, and the Khitan made Liu Yin, a subordinate of Lu Wenjin, prefect. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 917 | 楊劉 | The Liang forces held Yangliu city with a line of stockades, but the emperor crossed the Yellow River on the ice, cleared them all, and attacked Yangliu city. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 918 | 胡柳陂 | On day Guihai, the Northern Campaign Commissioner He Gui, with a great army, fought the Jin forces at Huliupi and defeated them (per Liang sources). | 舊五代史 卷9 |
| AD 918 | 濮陽 | Of the Liang remnants who returned to Bian, fewer than a thousand made it, and the imperial army finally took Puyang. | 舊五代史 卷28 |
| AD 919 | 兗州 | On day Guiwei, an edict stripped Zhang Shoujin, military governor of Yanzhou, of his titles on the charge of rebellion. | 舊五代史 卷9 |
| AD 919 | 兗州 | That month, Liu Xun attacked and took Yanzhou, captured Zhang Shoujin and wiped out his clan. | 舊五代史 卷9 |
| AD 919 | 德勝 | In the summer, fourth month, Liang general He Gui besieged Desheng South City, attacking from a hundred directions, and blocked the ferry with mengchong warships. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 919 | 魏州 | In the winter, tenth month, the emperor went from Jinyang to Weizhou, mobilized tens of thousands to widen Desheng North City, and then fought the Liang army daily. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 919 | 德勝 | Liang's Wang Zan set his formation and waited, but when the imperial heavy cavalry charged, the Liang army fled in panic, many drowned, and Wang Zan fled to the North City to hold it. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 920 | 同州 | In the sixth month, Liu Xun, governor of Yanzhou, and Yin Hao, governor of Huazhou, were ordered to lead troops and attack Tongzhou. | 舊五代史 卷10 |
| AD 920 | 同州 | When the cavalry clashed, the Pu men gave ground a little, but Li Sizhao blocked them with light cavalry; the Liang army collapsed, and more than two thousand heads were taken in the pursuit. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 921 | 陳州 | The three counties of Taikang, Xiangyi and Yongqiu in Kaifeng prefecture suffered clashes with the rebel troops of Chenzhou; they were allowed to pay the summer tax only on what their county had harvested. | 舊五代史 卷10 |
| AD 921 | 趙州 | In the eighth month, when they attacked Zhaozhou, Prefect Wang Ting sent credentials and seals to welcome them, and Yan Bao reached below the walls of Zhenzhou and camped to the northwest. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 921 | 戚城 | Li Siyuan charged with three thousand iron cavalry, and the Liang army was routed, with twenty thousand captured or killed. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 921 | 鎮州 | In the eleventh month, when the emperor reached below the walls of Zhenzhou, Zhang Chujin sent his younger brother Zhang Chuqi and others to ask for surrender, but their words were insolent, so he imprisoned them. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 921 | 涿州 | On day Xinwei of the twelfth month, Wang Yu lured the Khitan leader An Bajian into invading Youzhou, then led his army to Zhuozhou and took it. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 922 | 成安 | The Liang men, knowing there was a prepared defense, crossed the Huan River westward, took Cheng'an and left. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 922 | 鎮州 | On day Bingwu of the third month, the royal army was defeated beneath the walls of Zhenzhou, and Yan Bao withdrew to Zhaozhou to hold it. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 922 | 衛州 | In the eighth month, Liang general Duan Ning took Weizhou and captured Prefect Li Cunru. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 923 | 澤州 | Pei Yue, prefect of Zezhou, refused to follow Li Jitao's plot, so Dong Zhang was appointed prefect of Zezhou and ordered to attack with troops. | 舊五代史 卷10 |
| AD 923 | 博州 | On day Wuzi, Wang Yanzhang and Du Yanqiu hurried to attack the new fort at Bozhou, but failed and withdrew to hold Zoukou. | 舊五代史 卷10 |
| AD 923 | 汴州 | Someone urged Zhao Yan to flee west to Luoyang, but he said: If we go down from this tower once, whose heart can we rely on? | 舊五代史 卷10 |
| AD 923 | 魏州 | Forty-nine years after the emperor defeated the Liang army at Baixiang and pacified Zhao and Wei, he ascended the throne at the Ye palace in Weizhou. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 923 | 德勝 | On day Xinyou of the fifth month, Wang Yanzhang led his elite men by night down the river from Yangcun, cut the Desheng pontoon bridge, and attacked and took the south city. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 923 | 楊劉 | On day Jisi, Wang Yanzhang and Duan Ning attacked the south city of Yangliu with a large army, while Jiao Yanbin and Li Zhou held it firmly. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 923 | 鄒家口 | In the seventh month of autumn, on day Dingwei, the emperor marched south along the Yellow River, and the Liang army abandoned Zoujiakou and fled at night. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 923 | 朝城 | On day Wuxu, Liang's left and right vanguard commander Kang Yanxiao surrendered with a hundred riders, and the emperor received him with an open heart and bestowed his own robe and jade belt. | 舊五代史 卷29 |
| AD 923 | 中都 | On day Jiaxu, the emperor attacked Zhongdu; the city had no garrison to begin with, and when the troops gathered like clouds, the Liang people collapsed on their own. | 舊五代史 卷30 |
| AD 923 | 汴州 | On day Jimao at dawn the vanguard reached Bian city; Li Siyuan had them attack the Fengqiu Gate, and the Liang Kaifeng governor Wang Zan surrendered the city and asked for terms. | 舊五代史 卷30 |
| AD 924 | 潞州 | On day Bingshen, the minor officer Yang Li rebelled in Luzhou, relying on the city walls, so Li Siyuan was made campaign commissioner to suppress him. | 舊五代史 卷31 |
| AD 925 | 洛陽 | On day Renyin, the empress dowager died at Changshou Palace; the emperor mourned within the palace and had her last instructions announced outside. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 洛陽 | Li Jiji, Prince of Wei and commissioner of the Xingsheng Palace, was made overall commander of the four-direction field headquarters of Xichuan, and Guo Chongtao, Chancellor and Privy Commissioner, was made campaign commissioner of the northeast field headquarters of Xichuan. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 大散關 | On day Wuyin, the western army entered Dasan Pass, and the puppet Fengzhou military governor Wang Chengjie and others surrendered one after another. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 三泉 | On day Xinsi, the puppet prefect of Xingzhou, Wang Chengjian, and others abandoned their cities and fled, and Kang Yanxiao crushed the Shu army at Sanquan. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 利州 | When Wang Yan heard of the defeat, he fled from Lizhou to Chengdu, cut the Jibai ford, and left by pontoon bridge. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 興州 | On day Jichou, Prince of Wei Li Jiji reached Xingzhou, and the puppet Dongchuan military governor Song Guangbao surrendered five prefectures: Zi, Mian, Jian, Long and Pu. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 劍州 | On day Jiachen, when the Prince of Wei reached Jianzhou, the puppet Wuxin military governor Wang Zongshou surrendered five prefectures: Sui, He, Yu, Lu and Zhong. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 漢州 | When Kang Yanxiao and Li Yan reached Hanzhou, Wang Yan sent men with oxen and wine to ask for surrender, and Li Yan entered Chengdu first. | 舊五代史 卷33 |
| AD 925 | 魏州 | The year before, there were great floods across the realm, and in the tenth month a great earthquake struck Ye; some residents fled to other commanderies, it is said. | 舊五代史 卷34 |
| AD 926 | 魏州 | In the evening Zhao Zaili led troops and occupied the palace city, made Huangfu Hui and others Chief Garrison Officers and Slaughter Commissioners, and the soldiers engaged in mass plunder. | 舊五代史 卷34 |
| AD 926 | 魏州 | On day Xinchou, Yuan Xingqin reached the Ye capital and attacked the south gate while persuading them with an imperial edict; Zhao Zaili offered sheep and wine, climbed the walls and bowed in obeisance. | 舊五代史 卷34 |
| AD 926 | 洛陽 | The emperor was struck by a stray arrow; at midday he died beneath the corridor of the Jiangxiao Palace, aged forty-three. | 舊五代史 卷34 |
| AD 926 | 魏州 | On the sixth day of the third month, Li Siyuan reached the Ye capital; Zhao Zaili and others climbed the walls to apologize, brought out sacrificial animals and grain to comfort the troops, and Li Siyuan camped west of Ye city. | 舊五代史 卷35 |
| AD 926 | 魏州 | Zhang Pobai, a soldier of the mounted guard, gave orders to the armies; each killed their own commander, set fire to the camps, and the shouting was like thunder. | 舊五代史 卷35 |
| AD 926 | 洛陽 | In the fourth month of summer, first year of Tiancheng, day Bingwu, the emperor moved from Xingsheng Palace to the West Palace; civil and military officials wore mourning white, and the emperor, in sackcloth, attended the bier. | 舊五代史 卷36 |
| AD 926 | 洛陽 | Of the several hundred eunuchs who fled when the realm fell into turmoil under Emperor Zhuangzong, the seventy-odd who had become monks and made their way to Taiyuan were all executed in the capital. | 舊五代史 卷36 |
| AD 926 | 汴州 | Zhang Jian, controller of the Kongheshi stationed at Bianzhou, and others plotted rebellion and were executed; Privy Commissioner Kong Xun temporarily took over military and civil affairs of Bianzhou prefecture. | 舊五代史 卷36 |
| AD 927 | 江陵 | On day Renyin, an edict was issued stripping Gao Jixing, military governor of Jingnan and Prince of Nanping, of his titles. | 舊五代史 卷38 |
| AD 927 | 汴州 | The next day they reached Bianzhou, attacked and took the city, and Zhu Shouyin was executed. | 舊五代史 卷38 |
| AD 928 | 定州 | Du Yanqiu knew the city had defenses and did not want to rush the attack, but Zhu Hongzhao and Zhang Qianzhao pressed for an assault on the fortifications to earn merit, so he had no choice but to advance. | 舊五代史 卷39 |
| AD 928 | 滿城 | He pursued them to Mancheng, defeated them again, beheaded two thousand, and captured a thousand horses. | 舊五代史 卷39 |
| AD 930 | 忠州 | On day Renshen, Yang Hanzhang, military governor of Qiannan, attacked by Dong Zhang, abandoned his city and fled to Zhongzhou. | 舊五代史 卷41 |
| AD 930 | 成都 | On day Yihai, an edict was issued stripping Meng Zhixiang, military governor of Xichuan, of his titles on the charge of rebelling together with Dong Zhang. | 舊五代史 卷41 |
| AD 931 | 太原 | On day Xinyou, the Left Palace Remonstrator Li Xiang memorialized that there had been earthquakes for several days in the Northern Capital, and proposed sending envoys to console the people and sacrifice to the mountains and rivers. | 舊五代史 卷42 |
| AD 932 | 方渠 | On day Jichou, Yao Yanchou, military governor of Binzhou, and Kang Fu, military governor of Lingwu, were ordered to lead seven thousand infantry and cavalry to Fangqu to attack the Tangut rebels. | 舊五代史 卷43 |
| AD 933 | 洛陽 | On the first day of the twelfth month, day Guimao, mourning was begun at the West Palace, and the emperor ascended the throne before the bier. | 舊五代史 卷45 |
| AD 934 | 鳳翔 | On day Gengshen, Wang Jingcong, inspector of the western infantry, came from the front and reported that on the fifteenth of this month the main army had attacked Fengxiang. | 舊五代史 卷45 |
| AD 934 | 鳳翔 | On the sixteenth, the general attacked the outer walls; the emperor (Prince of Lu) climbed the walls and, weeping, called out to calm the troops. | 舊五代史 卷46 |
| AD 934 | 長安 | On the twentieth, when he reached Chang'an, Deputy Garrison Commander Liu Suiyong surrendered the city, and the property of the Jingzhao residents was used to reward the troops. | 舊五代史 卷46 |
| AD 934 | 靈寶 | On the twenty-sixth, when he reached Lingbao, An Yanwei, military governor of Hezhong, came to surrender and asked for pardon; he was forgiven and sent back. | 舊五代史 卷46 |
| AD 934 | 衛州 | Emperor Min fled from Luoyang toward Wei, met Shi Jingtang on the way, and together they brought Emperor Min back to Weizhou. | 舊五代史 卷75 |
| AD 935 | 忻州 | When Shi Jingtang was stationed at Xinzhou, one day the soldiers shouted 'Long live!' noisily; he beheaded Hui and others to stop it. | 舊五代史 卷47 |
| AD 936 | 太原 | On day Renyin, Shi Jingtang was stripped of his titles, and Zhang Jingda was immediately ordered to advance and punish him. | 舊五代史 卷48 |
| AD 936 | 魏州 | On day Renzi, Zhang Lingzhao, chief garrison officer of the Pengsheng Guard stationed at the Ye capital, expelled military governor Liu Yanhao and rebelled, holding the city. | 舊五代史 卷48 |
| AD 936 | 晉安寨 | At night he gathered the remaining men and held Jin'an Stockade, south of the Jin Shrine, but the barbarian troops dug a moat and surrounded them, and after that no news came. | 舊五代史 卷48 |
| AD 936 | 晉安寨 | On day Jiazi, Yang Guangyuan, deputy campaign commissioner of the Taiyuan field headquarters, killed commissioner Zhang Jingda at Jin'an Stockade and led his troops to surrender to the Khitan. | 舊五代史 卷48 |
| AD 936 | 團柏谷 | When the Rong king marched south with the Jin Gaozu, Zhao Dejun, his son and the generals fled south from Tuanbai Valley, and the royal army was pursued by barbarian cavalry. | 舊五代史 卷48 |
| AD 936 | 太原 | On day Jihai of the eleventh month, the emperor (Gaozu) at the Chongyuan Hall of the Northern Capital changed the reign from Changxing seven to Tianfu one and granted a general amnesty. | 舊五代史 卷76 |
| AD 936 | 河陽 | On day Jimao, when they reached the north of Heyang, military governor Chang Congjian surrendered; boats had already been prepared. | 舊五代史 卷76 |
| AD 936 | 河陽 | On day Yiyou, the first day of the twelfth month, he went to Heyang, saw off the Khitan and frontier troops to return home, and issued an edict demoting the Last Emperor to commoner. | 舊五代史 卷76 |
| AD 937 | 河陽 | That same day Zhang Congbin also rebelled, conspired with Fan Yanguang, and harmed the imperial prince Chongxin, governor of Heyang, and Chongyi, guardian of the Eastern Capital. | 舊五代史 卷76 |
| AD 939 | 靈州 | The garrison commander of Lingzhou, Wang Yanzhong, relied on Huaiyuan city and rebelled; the court official Qi Yanzuo went there, and Yanzhong led his men out to surrender. | 舊五代史 卷78 |
| AD 939 | 洛陽 | A great flood struck the Western Capital; the Yi, Luo and Jian rivers all overflowed and destroyed the Tianjin Bridge. | 舊五代史 卷78 |
| AD 940 | 安州 | On day Wushen, after three battles with the Ezhou rebel army south of Anlu, he won, beheaded three thousand, and captured more than a thousand alive. | 舊五代史 卷79 |
| AD 940 | 安州 | On day Dingsi, the Huai barbarian puppet officer Li Chengyu plundered the city's goods and fled; Ma Quanjie entered the city to console the remaining people and sent An Shenhui to pursue him. | 舊五代史 卷79 |
| AD 941 | 鎮州 | The Tuyuhun, suffering abuse from the Khitan, rebelled under the lure of An Chongrong of Zhenzhou, moved south and entered the territories of Changshan and Taiyuan. | 舊五代史 卷79 |
| AD 941 | 魏州 | By imperial letter, on the fifth day of the eighth month he would briefly visit the Ye capital; supplies along the route were to be paid from official stores, and prefectures and counties were forbidden to levy extra exactions. | 舊五代史 卷80 |
| AD 941 | 滑州 | On day Xinyou, the Yellow River broke its dikes at Huazhou and flowed east as a single channel; villagers led the old and young up to the embankment, but cut off by the water, many starved to death. | 舊五代史 卷80 |
| AD 941 | 襄州 | On day Dingchou, An Congjin of Xiangzhou raised troops in rebellion, and Gao Xingzhou, guardian of the Western Capital, was made commander of the southern field headquarters to suppress him. | 舊五代史 卷80 |
| AD 942 | 魏州 | On the thirteenth day of the sixth month, day Yichou, the Gaozu died; by his last edict, the young emperor ascended the throne before the bier. | 舊五代史 卷81 |
| AD 944 | 戚城 | On day Bingwu, the vanguard commander Shi Gongba met the Khitan north of Qicheng and was surrounded. | 舊五代史 卷82 |
| AD 944 | 冀州 | On day Renxu, Yang Guangyuan led his army to besiege Jizhou; prefect Li Qiong attacked with the prefectural troops, and the besiegers abandoned their camp and fled. | 舊五代史 卷82 |
| AD 944 | 戚城 | That day, the vanguard Gao Xingzhou was south of Qicheng; the rebel generals Zhao Yanshou and Zhao Yanzhao came out west of the royal army with tens of thousands of riders, and the Khitan ruler commanded in person. | 舊五代史 卷82 |
| AD 944 | 泰州 | On day Xinmao, Ma Quanjie of Dingzhou attacked and took Taizhou, seizing two thousand soldiers, livestock and weapons. | 舊五代史 卷82 |
| AD 944 | 淄州 | On the first day of the sixth month, day Xinchou, the royal army took Zizhou and beheaded the prefect Liu Han, whom Yang Guangyuan had appointed. | 舊五代史 卷82 |
| AD 944 | 滑州 | On day Bingchen, the Yellow River burst at Huazhou, swept through the territories of Cao, Shan, Pu and Yun, circled Liangshan, and joined the Wen and Ji rivers. | 舊五代史 卷82 |
| AD 944 | 恒州 | The Khitan Yelü Deguang, together with Zhao Yanshou, led the whole army in to invade, besieged Hengzhou, and took Gucheng, Gaocheng, Yuanshi and Gaoyi. | 舊五代史 卷83 |
| AD 945 | 安陽 | On day Renzi, the royal army and the Khitan faced each other on the Anyang River north of Xiangzhou; the vanguards Huangfu Yu and Murong Yanchao fought at Yulin Inn. | 舊五代史 卷83 |
| AD 945 | 邯鄲 | The Rong king heard the news at Handan and immediately fled north; the government army also withdrew south to hold Liyang. | 舊五代史 卷83 |
| AD 946 | 狼山 | Sun Fangjian, commander of recruitment at Langshan, rebelled, relied on Langshan, and submitted to the Khitan. | 舊五代史 卷84 |
| AD 946 | 瀛州 | In the eleventh month, the Northern Field Headquarters Commissioner Du Wei, with his generals and the great army, marched north from Ye and reached below the walls of Yingzhou. | 舊五代史 卷85 |
| AD 946 | 鎮州 | Zhang Yanze came with cavalry from Zhenzhou and Dingzhou, claiming he could defeat the Khitan, so the great army turned west toward Zhenzhou. | 舊五代史 卷85 |
| AD 946 | 汴州 | That night, Zhang Yanze, military governor of Xiangzhou, on Khitan orders, broke into the Fengqiu Gate with two thousand vanguard troops. | 舊五代史 卷85 |
| AD 947 | 汴州 | The emperor led his clan out of the Fengqiu Gate and reached the fields by palanquin, but the Khitan ruler would not receive him and made him stay at Fengshan Temple. | 舊五代史 卷85 |
| AD 947 | 黃龍府 | On day Xinmao, the Khitan demoted the emperor to Grand Master of Splendid Happiness and Acting Grand Commandant, Marquis of Fuyi, and confined him at Huanglong Prefecture. | 舊五代史 卷85 |
| AD 947 | 遼陽 | On reaching Liaoyang, Empress Feng, grieving that the emperor had fallen into barbarian land and suffered hardship, asked the eunuchs for poison. | 舊五代史 卷85 |
| AD 947 | 河陽 | Cui Tingxun, the puppet military governor of Heyang, resisted and was defeated; Wu Xingde and others pursued him, Tingxun abandoned his city and fled, and Xingde held the city. | 舊五代史 卷99 |
| AD 947 | 洛陽 | The puppet Western Capital guardian Liu Xi abandoned Luoyang, retreated south to Xuzhou, then went to the Eastern Capital, and Fang Tai, patrol commissioner of Luoyang, took on the guardian's duties himself. | 舊五代史 卷99 |
| AD 947 | 絳州 | On day Wushen, when the imperial carriage reached Jiangzhou, the prefect Li Conglang surrendered the prefecture with his troops. | 舊五代史 卷100 |
| AD 947 | 定州 | Ma Da fled to Dingzhou together with Cui Tingxun, military governor of Heyang, and Liu Xi, guardian of Luojing. | 舊五代史 卷100 |
| AD 948 | 汴州 | On day Dingchou, the twenty-seventh, the emperor (Gaozu) died in the Wansui Hall, aged fifty-four. | 舊五代史 卷100 |
| AD 948 | 汴州 | On the first day of the second month, day Xinsi, by the last edict, the imperial prince, Prince of Zhou, Liu Chengyou, ascended the throne before the bier. | 舊五代史 卷100 |
| AD 948 | 河中 | Li Shouzhen, Wang Jingchong and Zhao Siwan formed an alliance and rebelled, so Bai Wenke and Chang Si were ordered to attack and suppress Hezhong. | 舊五代史 卷101 |
| AD 948 | 鳳翔 | On day Wushen of the ninth month, Wang Shoujun, a subordinate of Hou Yi, came from Fengxiang to report that all of Yi's family had been harmed by Wang Jingchong. | 舊五代史 卷101 |
| AD 949 | 河中 | On the night of the fourth day of the first month, rebel general Wang Santie and others led a thousand elite troops south along the river and raided the royal camp. | 舊五代史 卷102 |
| AD 949 | 河中 | The rebels entered the royal camp, but Liu Ci fought them off with all his might and defeated them in close combat with short weapons. | 舊五代史 卷102 |
| AD 949 | 河中 | On the ninth day of the fifth month he seized the western camp by the river, and rebel general Zhou Guangxun surrendered the camp with more than a thousand men. | 舊五代史 卷110 |
| AD 949 | 河中 | On the seventeenth he ordered an attack on the city, but a great wind and sand rose from the northwest; he prayed at the River Earl shrine, the wind ceased, and afterward they attacked day and night. | 舊五代史 卷110 |
| AD 950 | 汴州 | The Privy Secretary Nie Wenjin urgently summoned the chief ministers and officials to Chongyuan Hall and publicly declared accusations naming Yang Bin, Shi Hongzhao, Wang Zhang and others. | 舊五代史 卷103 |
| AD 950 | 兗州 | Murong Yanchao fled to Yanzhou with ten-odd riders. | 舊五代史 卷103 |
| AD 950 | 汴州 | When the emperor went with Su Fengji and Guo Yunming to a village house to the northwest, Guo Yunming, realizing things had gone wrong, stabbed him with a sword; the emperor died at the age of twenty. | 舊五代史 卷103 |
| AD 950 | 內丘 | The Khitan Prince of Yongkang, Wu Yu, led his tribes in two columns into the frontier and attacked Neiqiu city for five days but could not take it. | 舊五代史 卷103 |
| AD 952 | 下邳 | Murong Yanchao asked Huainan for relief, and Li Jing sent troops to camp at Xiapi, but on hearing that government forces were coming, he withdrew to Shuyang. | 舊五代史 卷112 |
| AD 952 | 朗州 | On day Bingxu of the twelfth month, the acting garrison commander of Wuping, Liu Yan, sent his officer Zhang Chongsi to enter the prefecture and report what had happened with the deputy military governor Wang Jinkui on the thirteenth day of the tenth month. | 舊五代史 卷112 |
| AD 953 | 朗州 | Zheng Jiao was seized by the troops and taken into Wuling; Liu Yan was promptly deposed by the various armies, and this minister reached Langzhou and completed the pacification. | 舊五代史 卷113 |
| AD 953 | 齊州 | Ma E, together with Wan You, captured and beheaded Yanzhang and twelve others; the rest of the band fled to Qizhou. | 舊五代史 卷113 |
| AD 954 | 汴州 | On day Bingshen, by the last edict of the Taizu, the Prince of Jin, Rong, ascended the throne before the bier. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 團柏谷 | Zhang Hui, rebel general of Hedong, invaded through Tuanbai Valley as vanguard, and the emperor summoned his ministers to discuss a personal campaign. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 高平 | On day Guisi, the royal army fought a decisive battle at Gaoping with Liu Chong of Hedong and the Khitan's Yang Gun, and the rebel army was routed. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 高平 | When the two armies clashed, Fan Aineng and He Hui fled at the sight of the enemy; the eastern wing cavalry fell into disorder, the infantry took off their armor and surrendered, and the emperor personally led cavalry into action. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 潞州 | The emperor reached Luzhou and sorted out the fugitives: everyone from military commissioner upward and the supervising envoys were beheaded. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 太原 | On day Wuyin, the puppet Shizhou prefect An Yanjin was beheaded beneath the walls of Taiyuan for resisting the royal army. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 太原 | Tens of thousands of able-bodied men from Shandong, Huai, Meng, Pu and Shan were conscripted to attack Taiyuan urgently, intending to take it within a day or two. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 954 | 太原 | Heavy rains came at the wrong time, the troops suffered, and the army at Xinkou stalled, so the emperor decided to turn back. | 舊五代史 卷114 |
| AD 955 | 秦州 | On day Guichou, the puppet Qinzhou observation judge Zhao Bi surrendered his entire city; by edict he was made prefect of Yingzhou. | 舊五代史 卷115 |
| AD 956 | 壽春 | Earlier, Li Gu had been camped beneath the walls of Shouchun attacking, but when Huainan reinforcements arrived in force, he discussed withdrawal with his officers. | 舊五代史 卷116 |
| AD 956 | 正陽 | Li Chongjin reached Zhengyang and, hearing that the Huai army was near, crossed the bridge with his generals, met the rebel troops, combined forces and crushed them in one blow. | 舊五代史 卷116 |
| AD 956 | 壽州 | On day Dinghai, Xu Xiang, army commissioner of the Left Divine Guard inside Shouzhou, and eighteen others fled over and submitted. | 舊五代史 卷116 |
| AD 956 | 揚州 | On day Dingchou, Han Lingkun of Yangzhou defeated the Jiangnan rebel army in the eastern part of the prefecture and captured the general Lu Mengjun alive. | 舊五代史 卷116 |
| AD 957 | 紫金山 | On day Gengyin of the third month at dawn, the emperor led the armies and camped below Zijin Mountain; he had his imperial guard climb the mountain to attack the enemy, and they broke many camps in succession, beheading thousands. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 957 | 紫金山 | The next day all the camps fell; Xu Wenzhen, military governor of Jianzhou, and former military governor of Hunan, Bian Hao, were captured alive. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 957 | 壽州 | On day Wushen, the emperor went to the north of Shouzhou; Liu Renzhan came out with his officers and more than ten thousand soldiers to surrender, and the emperor comforted them at length and bestowed rewards graded by rank. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 957 | 濠州 | On day Guisi, the emperor personally led the armies to attack Haozhou; they seized the gate fortress, smashed the water stockade, burned more than seventy warships, and beheaded two thousand. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 957 | 渦口 | On day Guimao, the Huai bandits were crushed at Guokou; five thousand heads were taken, two thousand surrendered soldiers were gathered, and three hundred warships were seized. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 957 | 泗州 | On day Yimao of the twelfth month, Fan Zaiyu, garrison commander of Sizhou, surrendered the city and was granted the post of commissioner for local defense of Suzhou. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 957 | 楚州 | On day Xinyou, reaching the northwest of Chuzhou, he crushed the rebel masses; both land and water forces fled, only a few rebel boats escaped downstream, and the emperor pursued them with cavalry. | 舊五代史 卷117 |
| AD 958 | 楚州 | On day Bingwu, Chuzhou fell and the puppet garrison commander Zhang Yanqing and others were beheaded; the Six Armies plundered widely, more than ten thousand soldiers and civilians in the city died, and nearly all the houses burned. | 舊五代史 卷118 |
| AD 958 | 隰州 | Liu Jun, on hearing of the emperor's southern campaign, sent troops to besiege Xizhou; patrol commissioner Li Qianpu held them off with the prefectural troops, and they withdrew. | 舊五代史 卷118 |
| AD 959 | 乾寧軍 | On day Renchen, when they reached the Qianning army, the puppet Ningzhou prefect Wang Hong surrendered the city. | 舊五代史 卷119 |
| AD 959 | 瓦橋關 | On day Guimao, the present emperor first reached Waqiao Pass, and the puppet garrison commander Yao Neibin surrendered the fort. | 舊五代史 卷119 |
| AD 959 | 瓦橋關 | The vanguard commander Zhang Cangying defeated several hundred Khitan riders north of Waqiao Pass and seized Gu'an county. | 舊五代史 卷119 |
| AD 959 | 汴州 | The ministers presented the Prince of Liang and had him ascend the throne by the eastern pillar of the hall, and an edict was issued to the court and the provinces. | 舊五代史 卷119 |
| AD 960 | 汴州 | The abdication edict beginning with 'Responding to Heaven and following the people, following Yao's example in passing the throne to Shun' (the abdication of Emperor Gong). | 舊五代史 卷120 |
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