Florentine Codex: a Standard history source. Covers AD 1519 – 1521, with 21 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 1519 – 1521 |
| Events | 21 events, 17 placed on the map |
| Author | Bernardino de Sahagún |
| Original title | Historia general de las cosas de Nueva España |
Regions: The Americas 21
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1519 | Cozumel | In 1519 Spaniards land at Cozumel near Yucatán and find several crosses inside and outside the temples | t.1 Bustamante 주(Guerra·Mier 인용, 사도 도마 논의) |
| AD 1519 | In 1519, when Cortés arrives with 550 Spaniards and 11 ships, the coastal garrison informs Moctezuma; thinking Quetzalcoatl has come, Moctezuma sends precious gifts and envoys | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.283) | |
| AD 1519 | A band of warriors from Tlaxcala called Otomí challenges the Spaniards, but not knowing their tactics, nearly all are killed and only a few escape | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.284) | |
| AD 1519 | Tlaxcala | Alarmed, Tlaxcala sends envoys with provisions and other gifts and receives the Spaniards peacefully; the Spaniards rest for several days and learn about Mexico and Moctezuma | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.284) |
| AD 1519 | Cholula | When the Spaniards go from Tlaxcala to Cholula and arrive there, they carry out a great massacre of the people of Cholula | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.284) |
| AD 1519 | On hearing of the Cholula massacre, Moctezuma sends a high envoy with golden gifts, who meets Cortés between the snow mountains and the volcanoes and delivers the gifts and message | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.284) | |
| AD 1519 | Tenochtitlan | Cortés's party enters Mexico in battle formation and near Solojo is received by Moctezuma (on 8 November); they go together to the royal palace, where all the Spaniards lodge | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.284-285) |
| AD 1519 | Tenochtitlan | Moctezuma, imprisoned beside the Spaniards from 12 to 14 November 1519 to the end of June 1520, about eight months, learns Spanish and plays games with Alvarado | t.2 Bustamante 주 (p.XLIV) |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | Cuitláhuac, lord of Iztapalapa and brother of Moctezuma, is raised to king and rules for 80 days, fighting the Spaniards without truce | t.2 Lib.8 「Continuación de la historia de los reyes mexicanos」 p.271-272; t.2 Tezozomoc 발췌 cap.6 (p.XL) |
| AD 1520 | Smallpox spreads across the whole land; so many die that bodies are thrown into the acequias (canals), and the elders say it is a disease never seen before in Mexico | t.2 Lib.8 p.272; t.3 Lib.11 부록(질병 1520년 언급) | |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | While Cortés is at the coast, Alvarado attacks the nobles dancing in the temple courtyard during the Toxcatl festival and kills many; this starts the war between the Mexicans and the Spaniards (Ixtlilxochitl also notes the incitement of the Tlaxcalans and plunder as motives) | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.285); 병기 t.2 Ixtlilxóchitl 인용 cap.8 (p.XXXVIII-XXXIX) |
| AD 1520 | Villa Zempoala | Cortés defeats Pánfilo de Narváez at the port and, bringing his troops back to Mexico, finds the city already at war | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.285); 장소·날짜는 t.2 Bustamante 주 p.XLIV |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | In 1520, while in Spanish hands, Moctezuma is killed by stones thrown by his own people (Tezozomoc notes that Cortés had him tell the people from the tower to lay down arms; they called him a coward, he was showered with arrows and stones, and died three days later) | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.285); 병기 t.2 Tezozomoc 인용 cap.6 (p.XXXVII-XXXVIII) |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | After a long battle the Spaniards flee Mexico at night, and many are killed; they lose their Indian allies and baggage (Tezozomoc: 450 Spaniards, 4,000 allies and 46 horses died at Alvarado's leap, the Toltec canal; two of Moctezuma's sons and others also died) | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.285); 병기 t.2 Tezozomoc 인용 (p.XLI) |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | The wounded Moctezuma, on the advice of Father Olmedo, is baptized and receives the name Don Carlos; Cortés, Olid and Alvarado serve as godfathers | t.2 Tezozomoc 인용 cap.6 (p.XXXVIII) |
| AD 1520 | Texcoco | Hearing that Cortés has defeated Narváez and that Alvarado's party was attacked in Mexico, he hurries back; he regroups and rests his forces at Texcoco and learns the situation through his friend Ixtlilxochitl | t.2 Ixtlilxóchitl 인용 cap.8 (p.XXXIX-XL) |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | Cortés arrives in Mexico on St John's day, 24 June; the city is quiet but the residents do not come out to greet him. The next day, a rebuke for the market not opening becomes the fuse and a great fight soon breaks out | t.2 Ixtlilxóchitl 인용 (p.XL) |
| AD 1520 | Tenochtitlan | On the night before the Spaniards tried to leave the city, they stabbed Cacamatzin, the imprisoned king of Texcoco, 47 times with a dagger; the Mexicans had been about to set him up as king and resist | t.2 Tezozomoc 인용 (p.XL) |
| AD 1520 | Tlaxcala | When the Mexicans drive the Spaniards out, the Spaniards retreat to Tlaxcala, and there smallpox returns and kills countless people, Sahagún writes | t.3 Lib.11 부록(Sahagún 질병 서술, 두 곳) |
| AD 1521 | Texcoco | In 1521 the Spaniards again invade Mexico, camp at Texcoco, and begin war with the Mexicans both by water and by land | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.285-286) |
| AD 1521 | Tenochtitlan | On St Hippolytus's day in August 1521 the Spaniards conquer Mexico; the ruler of Mexico at the time is Cuauhtemoc, and Texcoco is ruled by Coanacochtzin. The text says it will be treated in detail in Book 12, but Book 12 is not in this third volume | t.2 Lib.8 cap.7 (p.286); t.2 Lib.8 cap.3 (p.275-276, 「en este tiempo se destruyó la ciudad de México」) |