The world in 1242 AD — what happened that year

7 events the sources record for this year, grouped by region.

What happened

Imperial Guard General Trần Khuê Kình guarded the northern border and attacked the Bingshang area. (Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư 本紀卷之五「壬寅十一年春二月，定天下為十二路」)
In the seventh month the Mongol manhu Zhang Rou crossed the Huai from Wuhekou and attacked Yang, Chu, He and Xiao. (Xu Zizhi Tongjian (Continuation of the Comprehensive Mirror) 권170 七月 단락170.32.0)

Juntoku dies on the 12th of the 9th month on Sado (Masukagami 5 内野の雪)
Word spreads that the son of the Awa-no-in will be placed on the throne (Ninji 3, 1st month, day 19) (Masukagami 4 三神山)

Dated 640 AH. For a time the throne stood vacant without a ruler; the names Töregene Khatun and Sorqaqtani appear, and «her own son» is mentioned (passage damaged). (Rashid al-Din, Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles) 87460_djvu.txt 줄 9615–9617)
For about three years before Güyük ascended the throne, he was under the commands and prohibitions (amr o nahy) of Töregene Khatun. (Rashid al-Din, Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles) 87460_djvu.txt 줄 14130–14132)

Alexander drives the Germans and the Chud out of Pskov and marches into the land of the Chud. (Novgorod First Chronicle litopys 기사 1242년)