Region: Egypt & North Africa · Coordinates: 29.849, 31.255 · 17 events
| Year | Source | Account |
|---|---|---|
| 3100 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Athothis, son of Menes, built a palace at Memphis and left a book on anatomy; he was a physician. tradition |
| 2890 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Under Kaiechos, the Apis of Memphis, the Mnevis of Heliopolis and the goat of Mendes were established as gods. tradition |
| 2686 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Tosortros built houses of dressed stone and greatly encouraged writing; for his medical skill he was called Asclepius. |
| 2613 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Fourth dynasty (eight kings of Memphis, of a different line): Suphis built the largest pyramid and wrote a sacred book. |
| 2345 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Sixth dynasty (six kings of Memphis): Otoes was killed by his bodyguards. tradition |
| 2181 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Seventh and eighth dynasties: Memphis kings followed one another briefly, 70 days for the seventh and 146 years for the eighth. tradition |
| 1650 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | Fifteenth dynasty: the foreign Hyksos, of Phoenician and Canaanite origin, seized Memphis. |
| 1650 BC | Manetho's Aegyptiaca (fragments) | A people of unnamed origin from the east conquered Egypt without battle, burning cities and temples; Salatis became king, lived in Memphis, and made Upper and Lower Egypt tributary. tradition |
| 1427 BC | Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt | Returned to Memphis (temple of Ptah) after the campaign and brought in the Asiatic noble prisoners. |
| 1208 BC | Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt | Libyan king Meryey attacked the Lord of the Walls (Memphis); the gods handed him over to Merneptah. |
| 525 BC | Herodotus, Histories | Cambyses invades Egypt and defeats the Egyptians; he pursues the fleeing army and besieges and takes Memphis |
| 460 BC | Diodorus Siculus, Library of History | The siege of the White Wall (Memphis) was lifted. |
| 459 BC | Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War | The Athenian fleet sails up the Nile, seizes two thirds of Memphis, and attacks the remaining "White Fortress" |
| 455 BC | Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War | Megabyzus arrives by land, defeats the Egyptians and their allies, drives the Greeks out of Memphis and confines them on the island of Prosopitis |
| 332 BC | Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander | Passing through Heliopolis and crossing the Nile, at Memphis he made sacrifices to Apis and the gods, and held games of Greek artists. |
| 332 BC | Diodorus Siculus, Library of History | Alexander went up to Memphis and defeated the local forces in front of the city. |
| AD 200 | Historia Augusta | On his tour of Egypt he takes part in the cult of Serapis and visits Memphis, Memnon, the pyramids and the Labyrinth |