Theophanes, Chronographia: a Standard history source. Covers AD 600 – 813, with 86 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Insider account |
| Years covered | AD 600 – 813 |
| Events | 86 events, 56 placed on the map |
| Author | 테오파네스 (Theophanes Confessor) |
| Original title | Theophanes Confessor, Chronographia (Bonn 라틴 대역) |
Regions: West Asia 47 · Southern Europe 35 · Eastern Europe & Russia 1 · Egypt & North Africa 1
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 600 – 607 | Constantinople | Phocas has the sons of Maurice, Germanus and his daughter executed on the island of Prote. | part_06 줄 1653-1657 |
| AD 600 – 607 | Euphrates | The Persian army crosses the Euphrates and plunders all of Syria, Palestine and Phoenicia. | part_06 줄 1659-1661 |
| AD 600 – 607 | Priscus tells Heraclius, governor of Africa, to send his son Heraclius, in preparation against Phocas. | part_06 줄 1663-1667 | |
| AD 600 – 607 | Constantinople | Angry at the Prasini faction, Phocas condemns them so that they cannot hold public office. | part_06 줄 1729-1730 부근 |
| AD 600 – 607 | In severe cold the sea freezes and fish die in swarms. | part_06 줄 1737-1738 | |
| AD 600 – 607 | Constantinople | Phocas has Macrobius Scribonius shot dead with arrows in the forum and hung at the fortress of Hebdomon. | part_06 줄 1739-1741 |
| AD 600 – 607 | Abydos | Heraclius lands at Abydos and meets Theodorus, count of Abydos, and hears of conditions in Constantinople. | part_06 줄 1791-1792 |
| AD 608 | Chalcedon | The Persian army prepares an expedition to Chalcedon and occupies it. | part_06 줄 2011-2012 |
| AD 609 | Heraclius sends envoys for peace, but Khosrow refuses, setting the condition that he abandon the God of the cross and worship the sun. Pending | part_06 줄 2017-2020 | |
| AD 610 – 612 | Constantinople | Heraclius goes as far as the Long Wall to meet Shahen (Chagan) and secure peace, but Chagan breaks the oath and makes a surprise attack. | part_06 줄 2022-2029 |
| AD 613 – 616 | Constantinople | Heraclius sets out on the Persian campaign after Easter, melting down church vessels beforehand to raise money. | part_06 줄 2124-2127 |
| AD 617 – 619 | To raise a new army, Khosrow gathers foreigners, commoners and slaves and entrusts them to General Sai. | part_06 줄 3033-3035 | |
| AD 617 – 619 | Tbilisi | When the Khazar khan Ziebel sees Heraclius, he runs up, kisses his neck and bows (outside the walls of Tiflis, before Persian onlookers). | part_06 줄 3079-3086 |
| AD 617 – 619 | Tbilisi | Ziebel gives Heraclius 40,000 elite troops as war allies. | part_06 줄 3093 |
| AD 620 | Jerusalem | Heraclius leaves Constantinople with the Holy Cross and goes on a thanksgiving pilgrimage to Jerusalem. | part_06 줄 3941-3943 |
| AD 620 | Tiberias | When Heraclius reaches Tiberias, Christians denounce Benjamin, who is very wealthy. | part_06 줄 3943-3945 |
| AD 621 – 622 | Hierapolis | While Heraclius is at Hierapolis, the Jacobite patriarch Athanasius visits and they discuss doctrine. | part_06 줄 4071-4073 |
| AD 623 – 624 | Civil war breaks out inside Persia, and they exhaust each other. | part_06 줄 4515 | |
| AD 623 – 624 | To celebrate victory over Persia, the king of India sends pearls and jewels. | part_06 줄 4516-4518 | |
| AD 625 – 630 | Gaza | One band of the four generals sent by Abu Bakr occupies Gaza and the surrounding area. | part_06 줄 4586-4588 |
| AD 625 – 630 | An earthquake strikes Palestine and a shining pillar appears in the sky. | part_06 줄 4606-4608 | |
| AD 625 – 630 | Caesarea Palaestinae | Sergius goes out with a few soldiers before Caesarea and is killed in battle, and the rest of the soldiers die too. | part_06 줄 4597-4603 |
| AD 625 – 630 | Damascus | The Saracens move camp, attack and take Damascus and also settle in the province of Phoenicia. | part_06 줄 4677-4679 |
| AD 631 | Persia | The Saracens begin an armed expedition against Persia. The Persian king Hormisdas flees and hides deep in the interior. | part_07 줄 309-313 |
| AD 632 – 634 | 불명 | Emperor Heraclius dies (reigned 30 years and 10 months). His son Constantine is poisoned four months later by his stepmother Martina and Patriarch Pyrrhus, and Martina's son Heraclonas takes power with his mother. | part_07 줄 317-322 |
| AD 635 – 640 | Jerusalem | Umar sets about rebuilding the Temple in Jerusalem. The buildings keep collapsing, and the Jews answer that the cross on the Mount of Olives must be removed; when the cross is taken down, the building stands. | part_07 줄 364-368 |
| AD 641 | Aradus (Arwad) | Muawiya leads an army, attacks and takes Aradus. He lets the inhabitants live but burns the town and tears down the walls, so that the island is emptied of all its islanders. | part_07 줄 445-448 |
| AD 641 | Rome | A council in Rome presided over by Pope Martin condemns Monothelitism. | part_07 줄 451-452 |
| AD 642 – 645 | Isauria | The commander of an Arab camp invades Isauria. The OCR breaks off at the end of a line, so the rest cannot be confirmed. | part_07 줄 454-454 |
| AD 646 | Tripoli (Phoenicia) | Muawiya equips a large fleet to attack Constantinople and gathers military supplies at the Phoenician city of Tripoli. At the same time two Christian brothers there break open the prison, free the prisoners, kill the commander's party and burn the goods. | part_07 줄 587-590 |
| AD 647 | Medina (Yathrib) | The Arab Uthman is killed through the schemes of the people of Ethribenses. Arab internal strife (the party of Ali and that of Muawiya) begins thereafter. | part_07 줄 682-683 |
| AD 648 – 652 | Barbalissos | The armies of Muawiya and Ali face each other on the plain of Barbalissos beside the Euphrates. Muawiya seizes the watercourse and Ali's soldiers collapse from thirst, so Muawiya wins without even fighting. | part_07 줄 691-696 |
| AD 653 – 654 | Syracuse | The emperor (Constans) abandons Constantinople and moves to Syracuse in Sicily. He tried to summon his wife and children, but the citizens of Byzantium would not send them. | part_07 줄 836-839 |
| AD 655 – 661 | Damascus | Some of those taken captive in Sicily settle in Damascus of their own will. | part_07 줄 847-848 |
| AD 662 – 663 | Cyzicus | The Arab general Phadalas winters at Cyzicus. That year a harsh winter endangers people and beasts. | part_07 줄 1222-1224 |
| AD 664 – 669 | Cilicia | Muamed and Caisus pass by Cilicia with a large fleet. Caisus winters in Cilicia and Lycia. | part_07 줄 1233-1235 |
| AD 664 – 669 | Smyrna | Muamed (son of Abdela) winters at Smyrna. | part_07 줄 1236-1236 |
| AD 670 | Edessa | A great earthquake in Mesopotamia. The dome of the church of Edessa collapses. Muawiya repairs it at the Christians' request. | part_07 줄 1553-1555 |
| AD 671 – 675 | 불명 | The Saracen king Muawiya dies on 6 April ("Mavias primus ... leto extinctus est"). His son succeeds him. The original does not give the place. | part_07 줄 1557-1558 |
| AD 676 – 680 | Syria | A great famine and plague in Syria. When the Mardaites come out around the Lebanon mountains, Abimelech asks to renew the earlier peace and sends 365,000 gold coins plus slaves and horses. | part_07 줄 1936-1941 |
| AD 681 – 689 | Mecca (Makkah) | Abdimelech sends the Chagan to Macca to fight Zumir. The Chagan kills Zumir and takes control of the region, burning the idol temple and destroying the idols. | part_07 줄 2307-2308 |
| AD 690 – 694 | Africa | The Arabs invade the province of Africa, take it by force and place garrisons of their own army there. | part_07 줄 2687-2688 |
| AD 695 | Armenia | Armenian nobles rise up and kill all the Saracens. Muamed campaigns, kills them and returns Armenia to Saracen rule. | part_07 줄 2883-2886 |
| AD 695 | Cilicia | Azar invades Cilicia with 10,000 armed men. The emperor's brother Heraclius opposes him and kills many soldiers. | part_07 줄 2889-2890 |
| AD 696 – 718 | Sisium | Azibus (son of Cunei) moves an army into Cilicia, besieges and takes and razes the fortress of Sisium. Heraclius opposes him and defeats 12,000 Arabs. | part_07 줄 2894-2896 |
| AD 696 – 718 | Chersonae (Sevastopol) | Justinian (II), staying at Cherson (in exile), declares that they must entrust the power of the empire to him again. | part_07 줄 2897-2898 |
| AD 719 | Ateus (castrum) | The army of Maviasa (Maslama) takes the fortress of Ateus and returns. | part_08 줄 761 |
| AD 720 | Armenia | The son of a Khazar chieftain invades Media and Armenia by force (the following sentence breaks off at a line end). | part_08 줄 762~765 |
| AD 721 | Turcorum terrae | Maslama marches on the land of the Turks and engages in battle, and many fall on both sides. | part_08 줄 770~771 |
| AD 722 | Romana ditio | Maslama invades Roman territory by force. | part_08 줄 964 |
| AD 723 – 724 | Turcia | Maslama sends his army to Turkia. | part_08 줄 968 |
| AD 725 – 726 | Syria | Plague spreads in Syria and many people die. | part_08 줄 1071 |
| AD 727 | Armenia | Sulaiman (son of Isam) sends an army to the province of Armenia (the following sentence breaks off). | part_08 줄 1079 |
| AD 728 | Romania | Mauias makes war on Romania, but a few days later (the following sentence breaks off). | part_08 줄 1082 |
| AD 729 – 731 | Asia | Sulaiman carries off many captives from Asia. | part_08 줄 1085 |
| AD 729 – 737 | Nicomedia | A great earthquake: on 20 October the quake brings down churches and monasteries, and cities such as Nicomedia and Nicaea in Bithynia collapse (only one church remains in Nicaea). | part_08 줄 1214~1221 |
| AD 737 – 741 | Marw(마르완) 전투지 불명 | Marwan gathers his whole army and fights a battle (a later line says he fled to Palmyra; the subject needs checking). | part_08 줄 2108~2110 |
| AD 742 – 750 | Emesa | The Chalcidians rise against the Persians of Mauropolis, and about four thousand die on the border of Emesa. | part_08 줄 2617~2618 |
| AD 751 – 754 | Bulgaria | The emperor moves his army to Bulgaria and reaches Beregaba. The Bulgars face him at Klousoura (the narrow pass), and many of the emperor's troops die. | part_08 줄 3011~3012 |
| AD 751 – 755 | Anchialus | The emperor camps on the plain of Anchialos and afterward fights the Bulgars. | part_08 줄 3238 |
| AD 755 – 763 | Constantinopolis (추정) | On 20 November (Indiction 4) the impious emperor persecutes God-fearing people and arrests and imprisons monks. Pending | part_08 줄 3571~3572 |
| AD 764 – 765 | Africa | Abdelas is sent to Africa with a large army, and Alfadal Barinar invades Roman territory. | part_08 줄 4584~4585 |
| AD 766 – 768 | Syria | 280 captives from Africa are sent to Syria and paraded in public like a triumph. | part_08 줄 4725~4726 |
| AD 769 | Romana ditio | Utmas (son of Kaka) invades Roman territory. | part_08 줄 5095 |
| AD 770 | Dabecum | Utmas settles at Dabecum and stirs up unrest. | part_08 줄 5102 |
| AD 779 – 780 | Dabecum | Mahdi marches on Dabecum with a large army and sends his son Aaron on a campaign against Romania. | 줄 149–150 |
| AD 779 – 780 | Emesa | Mahdi goes to Emesa and begins open persecution of Christians and Jews. | 줄 153–156 |
| AD 780 | Constantinople | Leo IV dies (8 September). | 줄 307–309 |
| AD 780 | Constantinople | Irene takes the throne with her son Constantine (VI) (September, Indiction 4). | 줄 317–319 |
| AD 787 | Nicaea | Bishops gather at Nicaea all summer and a council is convened (the original writes only "concilium"). | 줄 1180–1182 |
| AD 788 | Constantinople | Constantine VI marries Maria of Armenia (November, Indiction 12). The original says his mother had him break the betrothal to a Frankish princess. | 줄 1301–1307 |
| AD 788 – 789 | Strymon | Philetus, the Thracian general, is ambushed by Bulgarians and killed while advancing toward the Strymon (he marched without posting a guard). | 줄 1307–1310 |
| AD 789 | Constantinople | A great earthquake in Constantinople: people cannot sleep in their houses and stay in tents and gardens. | 줄 1404–1406 |
| AD 790 | Atroa | The thematic armies gather at Atroa and demand recognition of Constantine VI as sole emperor. | 줄 1592–1594 |
| AD 795 | Constantinople | Constantine VI marries Theodote (September, Indiction 4, at the Palace of St. Mamas). The original calls it an unlawful marriage. | 줄 2049–2051 |
| AD 797 | Constantinople | Constantine VI is confined in the Porphyra chamber and blinded (15 August, on Irene's side's orders). | 줄 2288–2297 |
| AD 804 – 805 | Ancyra | Aaron invades Asia Minor and reaches Ancyra. A treaty by which Nikephoros pays annual tribute (the amount is garbled by OCR). | 줄 3182–3198 |
| AD 811 | Nikephoros I is defeated and killed by Krum in the Bulgarian campaign, and his head is mounted on a pole (25 July). | 줄 3839–3842 | |
| AD 811 | Constantinople | Michael I is acclaimed emperor at the Hippodrome by the senate and military units (2 October, first hour). | 줄 4005–4007 |
| AD 811 | Constantinople | Michael I crowns his son Theophylact emperor in the great church (25 December). | 줄 4150–4156 |
| AD 812 | Debeltum (Deultum) | Krum besieges and captures Develtos and moves its inhabitants to another land (during Michael's campaign). | 줄 4205–4208 |
| AD 812 | Mesembria | Krum attacks Mesembria with siege engines and takes it within October. The capture of 36 siphons and Greek fire at the same place is recorded. | 줄 4333–4344, 4449–4458 |
| AD 812 – 813 | Adrianople | (Subject unclear: no name in the fragment) Besieges Adrianople and takes it by force; before that, withdraws with carts loaded with bronze lions, dragon statues and other items from the amphitheater. | part_10.txt 줄 139~141 |
| AD 813 | Constantinople | Leo, the commander of the East, is raised up by the army, acclaimed Roman emperor on the platform before the capital, and about noon enters by the Golden (Chrysê) Gate and goes into the palace. | part_10.txt 줄 94~108 |
| AD 813 | Constantinople | Hearing of Leo's elevation, Michael takes refuge with his wife (the original "Proco-cia" breaks at a line end) and children in a prayer house beside the market, has his head shaved and puts on a monk's habit. | part_10.txt 줄 108~110 |
| AD 813 | Constantinople | On 11 July, at the ambo of the great church, Patriarch Nikephoros places the crown on Leo (coronation). | part_10.txt 줄 110~112 |