Dallet, History of the Church in Korea: a Standard history source. Covers AD 1784 – 1866, with 443 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Standard history |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Outsider account |
| Years covered | AD 1784 – 1866 |
| Events | 443 events, 297 placed on the map |
| Author | Ch. Dallet (1874) |
| Original title | Histoire de l'Église de Corée |
Regions: China 213 · Korean Peninsula 202 · Southeast Asia 11 · Southern Europe 9 · Western Europe 2 · Japan 1
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1784 | Peking(Beijing, 북경) | Seung-hun (Peter) was baptized in Beijing while staying there with the Hanyang envoy party. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 697 |
| AD 1784 | Seoul(한양) | Seung-hun returned home and reached Hanyang, sending the books, crosses and pictures he brought to Yi Byeok. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 754 |
| AD 1784 | Seoul(한양) | Yi Byeok received the books Seung-hun had sent, rented a quiet house, and shut himself in to read and meditate. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 761 |
| AD 1784 | Yi Byeok's group visited Yi Ga-hwan (Ka-hoan-i) for a debate. After nearly four days Yi Ga-hwan lost and fell silent. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 811 | |
| AD 1784 | Yanggeun(양근군, 감산) | In the ninth lunar month Yi Byeok visited the Gwon house at Gamsan in Yanggeun to preach. Gwon Il-sin (Francis Xavier) converted and was baptized at once; Gwon Cheol-sin (Ambrose) followed soon after. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 893 |
| AD 1785 | Seoul(한양) | Minister of Punishments Kim Hwa-jin arrested Kim Beom-u (Thomas) and pressed him to apostatize. When Gwon Il-sin stepped forward and said he would share the punishment, he was sent back, while Kim Beom-u continued to be tortured. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1092 |
| AD 1785 – 1787 | Tan-iang(단양, 충북 동쪽 끝 추정) | Kim Beom-u died of torture wounds in exile at Danyang (Tan-iang). He is recorded as Joseon's first martyr. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1128 |
| AD 1785 | The Taehaksa Jeong Sik (Tsieng-siouk-i) circulated a manifesto attacking Catholicism, the first official Joseon document to reject it. The place of issue is not in the text. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1141 | |
| AD 1786 | Yi Byeok caught an epidemic (plague: dysentery or typhus type) and died in eight days at age 33. That he apostatized on his deathbed is an unfounded tradition. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1197 | |
| AD 1787 | They elected on their own Gwon Cheol-sin (Francis Xavier) as bishop and Seung-hun, Yi Dan-won (Louis Gonzaga), Yi Seung-hun and a few others as priests. The ordination ceremony is unconfirmed. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1293 | |
| AD 1787 – 1789 | Seoul(한양) | The self-organized church administered sacraments in Hanyang. Jeong Domasu (Jean T'soi) rented a house in Hanyang and handled the sacraments, where believers gathered for confession and communion. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1333 |
| AD 1789 | The self-organized hierarchy suspended its activity. Doubting the validity of their orders, they decided to write a letter of inquiry to the bishop of Beijing. The place is not in the text. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1352 | |
| AD 1789 | Seoul(한양) | Yun Yu-il (Paul), disguised as a merchant, went from Hanyang to Beijing carrying the letter of inquiry to the bishop. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1379 |
| AD 1790 | Tsou-tsima (쓰시마, 對馬國) | From 1790 Korean envoys went only as far as Tsushima rather than to mainland Japan, reducing envoy procedures. | p01 l.1152–1156 |
| AD 1790 | Seoul(한양) | Yun Yu-il left Beijing with the envoys and returned to Hanyang carrying the bishop's reply written on silk. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1410 |
| AD 1790 | Peking(Beijing, 북경) | Yun Yu-il was baptized in Beijing by the Lazarist missionary (M. Raux). His baptismal godfather was Fan Shi. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1444 |
| AD 1790 | Peking(Beijing, 북경) | Yun Yu-il and Ou (baptismal name John the Baptist) of the envoy party delivered a letter to the bishop of Beijing and asked for priests to be sent. The bishop promised to send one. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1460 |
| AD 1790 | The bishop sent back a reply banning ancestral rites. Because of this decision some, including Seung-hun, drifted away. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1489 | |
| AD 1791 | Tsang-kou-tong(진산현 장구동) | On the death of Yun Ji-chung's mother, Yun did not perform the ancestral rites, and criticism from relatives and the village grew. This became the trigger of the Sinhae Persecution of 1791. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1636 |
| AD 1791 | Seoul(한양) | Hong Nak-an petitioned the chief minister Chae Je-gong (T'sai) to demand the death penalty for Yun Ji-chung, and at the same time pressed the Jinsan magistrate to arrest him. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1666 |
| AD 1791 | Tsin-san(진산현) | Jinsan magistrate Sin Sa-eon searched Yun Ji-chung's house and found an empty spirit-tablet box. He seized Yun Ji-chung and Gwon Sang-yeon (James) and jailed them at the Jinsan office. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1676 |
| AD 1791 | Jeonju(전주, 전라감영) | Yun Ji-chung and Gwon Sang-yeon were moved to the Jeolla provincial office (Jeonju), where the governor questioned them personally on the rites, tablets and the royal edict. | part_05.txt 줄(0부터) 1812 |
| AD 1791 | 전주 | Paul Yun (Paul loun) and James Gwon (Jacques Kouen) were beheaded at 3 pm, sentenced to death for burning their ancestral tablets. | 1권 p.54 |
| AD 1791 | 서울(한양) | Gwon Il-sin (François-Xavier Kouen Il-sin-i) was arrested, taken to the Board of Punishments (tribunal des crimes) and tortured. | 1권 p.57 |
| AD 1791 | 공주 | Report of the apostasy of Luke Yi (Louis de Gonzague Ni Tan-ouen-i). The Gongju magistrate informed the king of his apostasy oath, and the king ordered him not to be released until a firm turn was certain. | 1권 p.61-62 |
| AD 1791 | 홍산 | Luke Yi took leave of his family and fellow believers in his home Naepo and moved to the Hongsan area, continuing to evangelize more quietly. | 1권 p.62 |
| AD 1791 | 불명 | Yun Ji-chung, Gwon Sang-yeon and others were executed in 1791 for abolishing ancestral rites and burning tablets. A description from a court proclamation. | 717-720 |
| AD 1791 | The letter lists Paul Ing-tchi-tchung, martyred in 1791, as the first of the martyrs. | part_10.txt 줄 326-328 | |
| AD 1792 | 로마 | In 1792 the Beijing bishop sent news of the Korean church to the Pope. The Pope gave thanks, sent blessings to the believers, and entrusted their care to the Beijing bishop. | part_12 줄 2431–2437 |
| AD 1793 | 홍주 | Pierre Ouen (Pierre Ouen Si-tsiang-i) died a martyr after a beating. On a winter night cold water was poured over his body to freeze it, and he died at the second cockcrow. | 1권 p.66 |
| AD 1793 | 북경 | A believers' envoy left for Beijing with the tribute embassy, sent to ask for a priest. | 1권 p.69 |
| AD 1794 | 홍주 | New persecution in Hongju in 1794. Paul Pak (Paul Pak Hieng-hoa) apostatized. The scale of the persecution is unknown. | 1권 p.66 |
| AD 1794 | 북경 | Father Zhou (P. Jacques Tsiou) left Beijing for the Korean border, a 20-day march to the frontier. | 1권 p.71 |
| AD 1794 | 의주 | Father Zhou crossed the Yalu (Apno) at night and reached the Korean bank near Uiju (Ei-tsiou). | 1권 p.71 |
| AD 1795 | 서울(한양) | Father Zhou reached Hanyang and stayed at a northern house arranged by Matthias Choe (Mathias T'soi). He said his first Easter Mass. | 1권 p.71 |
| AD 1795 | 서울(한양) | Constables raided the house where the priest was hiding. Matthias Choe stepped forward claiming to be the Chinese priest, while the priest fled to another believer's house. Paul and Sabas were arrested the same day. | 1권 p.72 |
| AD 1795 | 서울(한양) | Paul (Paul loun), Sabas (Sabas Tsi) and Matthias (Mathias T'soi) were executed in prison, and their bodies were thrown into the river the same night. | 1권 p.73 |
| AD 1795 | Pien-men (변문, 국경 관문) | The Chinese priest Zhou Wenmo secretly crossed the Korean border and entered the country. | 872-873 |
| AD 1796 | Thomas Kim was arrested and tortured at the Jinyang office. After a death sentence, the execution was postponed and he was driven out of the jurisdiction. | 1권 p.84 | |
| AD 1797 | 북경 | In September 1796 Thomas Hwang (Thomas Hoang Sim-i) carried a letter by Father Zhou hidden in silk, reaching Beijing on January 28, 1797. The bishop was greatly relieved. | 1권 p.77 |
| AD 1797 | 서울(한양) | Luke Hong Nak-min wrote his report to the king ambiguously. When the king reproached him, he instead called for persecution. | 1권 p.85 |
| AD 1797 | 공주 | The Chungcheong provincial official Han Long-hoa (Han long-hoa) ordered the magistrates under him to arrest believers and eradicate the faith. | 1권 p.85 |
| AD 1797 | Paul Ni (Paul Ni To-kei) was arrested. Books and a cross were found in his pottery-making house, and after a beating he was moved to prison. | 1권 p.86 | |
| AD 1797 | 홍주 | Laurent Pak went to the county office on his own to save his arrested son, and was imprisoned until his martyrdom in 1799. | 1권 p.94 |
| AD 1798 | Paul Ni died a martyr after repeated torture, at age 56. | 1권 p.93 | |
| AD 1798 – 1799 | Seoul (한양) | Hwang Sa-yeong stayed near Ai-o-kai in Hanyang, teaching boys to write and copying prayer books. | 77-79 |
| AD 1799 | 해미 | Laurent Pak died a martyr. After interrogation and torture at the Haemi office, he was strangled with a straw rope at about 11 am. He was about 30. | 1권 p.99 |
| AD 1799 | Hong-tsiou(홍주) | Three believers, including François Pang, were martyred in Hongju. | p.102–104 (OCR 쪽표지 근사) |
| AD 1799 | Tsieng-tsiou(청주) | James Ouen was beaten to death in Cheongju (age 70). | p.102 |
| AD 1799 | Tsieng-tsiou(청주) | François Pai was beaten to death in Cheongju (around 60). | p.103 |
| AD 1799 | Tong-nai (동래 앞바다) | In 1799 a Western ship stayed for several days off Dongnae. Hyeon Gye-heum was suspected of having boarded it. | 476-478 |
| AD 1800 | Séoul (서울) | In 1800 King Tieng-tsong-tai-oang (Jeongjo) died of a boil on his back; the source says he died according to etiquette, without surgery. | p01 l.1648–1652 |
| AD 1800 | Seoul(한양) | King Jeongjo died (24-year reign). | p.108 |
| AD 1800 | Nie-tsiou(예산) | Believers including Martin Ni were arrested during an Easter gathering and jailed. | p.128–129 |
| AD 1800 | The believers refused to apostatize before the provincial governor and signed their death sentences. | p.133–134 | |
| AD 1800 | Seoul(한양) | The regent queen dowager dismissed all high officials of the Sipa faction and replaced them with Noron men. | p.110–111 |
| AD 1800 – 1801 | Pien-men (변문, 국경 관문) | After returning from Beijing, Ok Cheon-hui went back to the border gate of Biànmén to tell believers on the Chinese side about the persecution. | 420-426 |
| AD 1800 | The letter summarizes the circumstances before and after the great persecution, following the king's death in 1800. | part_10.txt 줄 318-320, 489 | |
| AD 1801 | In 1801 the Southerner faction collapsed and most of its leaders died; the source links this to the early persecutions. | p01 l.1597–1600 | |
| AD 1801 | When Augustin Niou was martyred in 1801, 26 officials among his relatives (all pagans) were dismissed and his eldest brother was exiled. | work/part_02.txt 줄 4609~4610 (서론 LIX쪽 부근) | |
| AD 1801 | As the 1801 persecution intensified, Thomas Kim left his family in the mountains and tried to surrender but was dissuaded. He died of illness in the seventh lunar month of that year. | 1권 p.84-85 | |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | A decree banning Catholicism was promulgated in the regent's name, with five-household collective liability: "Kill them all, leave no seed." | p.112–113 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | A chest containing doctrinal books and letters was discovered and Thomas Im was arrested; the chest was judged to belong to Augustine Jeong. | p.115 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | An arrest order was issued for four men including the high official Yi Ga-hwan (Ni Ka-hwan), who were jailed in the Geumbu prison. | p.115 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Ambrose Gwon and Augustine Jeong were arrested. | p.115 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Ambrose Gwon died in prison (age 66); one account says he was beaten to death, another that he died of imprisonment. | p.121 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Officials raided Columba Gang's house and seized even the female servant, the first case of arresting noblewomen. | p.116 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Six believers were beheaded outside the West Gate (Porte de l'Ouest). | p.122 |
| AD 1801 | Kong-tsiou(공주) | Louis Ni Tan-ouen was beheaded at Gongju, executed as an example in the district where he had earlier preached. | p.126–127 |
| AD 1801 | Kong-tsiou(공주) | Ni Tjoung-kouk was beheaded at Gongju (15 days after Louis's execution). | p.127 |
| AD 1801 | Nie-tsiou(예산) | Five believers from Yesan were beheaded outside the town (one executioner drowned in the river). | p.136 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Father Zhou (P. Tsiou) went out on his own and surrendered at the Geumbu (Keum-pou) prison. | p.142–143 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Two women who had sheltered the priest were given poison. | p.144–145 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Six believers were sentenced to death and executed (Charles Jeong was Augustine's son). | p.136–137 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Pak, from Gwangju (Koang-tsiou), was beheaded in Seoul (three companions were exiled). | p.141–142 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Father Zhou was beheaded at the execution ground of Nodeul (No-teul, Minam-do) near Seoul. | p.147 |
| AD 1801 | Hong-tsiou(홍주) | Alexis Hwang, of butcher status, was beheaded in Hongju (carried on a stretcher after his legs were broken). | p.141 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양) | Betrayed by Kim (le-sam-i), the doctrine leader John Choe was arrested at midnight. | p.114–115 |
| AD 1801 | The missionary Father Tsiou was beheaded on May 31, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 49 | |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양, 본문 'la capitale') | Josaphat Kim and his relatives were beheaded outside the small gate on the west of the capital on June 1, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 280 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul(한양, 본문 'la capitale') | Nine people including Columba Gang (five of them women) were beheaded outside the western gate of the capital on July 3, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 421 |
| AD 1801 | Philippe Hong and Kim Tsong-tsio were executed on the same day, October 4, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 511 | |
| AD 1801 | Tsieng Sioun-mai was beheaded at Nie-tsiou on July 5, 1801, two days later than his Seoul companions. | part_08.txt 줄 736 | |
| AD 1801 | lang-keun(양근, 음역 추정) | Tsien-hiei, that is Agatha Yun (Agathe Ioun), was beheaded in her hometown lang-keun on July 5, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 741 |
| AD 1801 | Pieng-san(평산) | Ko Koang-sieng-i was sent to his hometown Pieng-san and beheaded with an axe (July 7-8, 1801). | part_08.txt 줄 873 |
| AD 1801 | Kong-tsiou(공주) | Pierre Ni Kouk-seng was beheaded at Kong-tsiou on July 6-7, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 946 |
| AD 1801 | André Kim Koang-ok-i was beheaded in his hometown Niei-san on August 25, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 1087 | |
| AD 1801 | Tai-heng(대흥) | Pierre Kim Tai-t'sioun-i was beheaded at Tai-heng on August 25, 1801, the same day as André Kim at Niei-san. | part_08.txt 줄 1109 |
| AD 1801 | Kim-tiei(김제) | Stanislas Han Tsieng-heun-i was beheaded in his hometown Kim-tiei on August 26, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 1127 |
| AD 1801 | Tsien-tsiou(전주) | André Kim T'sien-ai was beheaded at Tsien-tsiou on August 27-28, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 1136 |
| AD 1801 | Mou-tsiang(무장) 장터 Tsi-kap | Mathias T'soi le-kiem-i was beheaded in the market of Tsi-kap in his hometown Mou-tsiang on August 27, 1801. | part_08.txt 줄 1178 |
| AD 1801 | lang-keun(양근, 음역 추정) | Thomas T'sio died under torture in the prison of lang-keun (early November 1801; the exact date is not settled in the text). | part_08.txt 줄 1275 |
| AD 1801 | Tsien-tsiou(전주) | Five people including Augustin Niou were executed at Tsien-tsiou on October 24, 1801: three cut into six pieces, two beheaded. | part_08.txt 줄 1402 |
| AD 1801 | Charles Ni was martyred in the twelfth lunar month of 1801 (the Sinyu year). | part_08.txt 줄 1491 | |
| AD 1801 | Tsien-tsiou(전주) | Jean Niou Tsiong-sien-i and his younger brother Jean Niou Moun-tsiel-i were strangled in the prison of Tsien-tsiou (November 14, 1801). | part_08.txt 줄 1732 |
| AD 1801 | Pai-ron (배론, 제천) | Hwang Sa-yeong was arrested in the Jecheon area and taken under escort to Hanyang. | 18-21 |
| AD 1801 | Pai-ron (배론, 제천) | Hwang Sa-yeong wrote a long letter (the silk letter) to the bishop of Beijing at his hideout in Baeron. | 126-127 |
| AD 1801 | 불명 | Thomas Hwang (Hwang Sim) was arrested. | 433-434 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul (한양, 서문 밖) | Thomas Hwang (Hwang Sim) was beheaded and dismembered. Pierre Kim was beheaded with him. | 517-518 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul (한양) | Hwang Sa-yeong, branded the author of the letter, was beheaded and dismembered. Ok Cheon-hui and Hyeon Gye-heum were beheaded. | 521-524 |
| AD 1801 | Seoul (한양, 발송) | A letter in the name of the Korean king was sent to the Qing Jiaqing Emperor, reporting the affair and excusing the Hwang Sa-yeong letter. | 619-621 |
| AD 1801 | 불명 | Father Zhou Wenmo was executed under the edict. | 1433-1434 |
| AD 1801 | 불명 | By government order the large-scale executions ended at the close of the Sinyu year. | 2191-2192 |
| AD 1801 | The great persecution of 1801, in which a priest and many believers were executed. The Korean government informed the Qing emperor. | part_10.txt 줄 399-400, 522-525, 580-582 | |
| AD 1801 | Koang-tsiou | In autumn 1801 Protasius Hong is seized because of a list of believers and exiled to Gwangju (recollection) | L663~666 |
| AD 1802 | Luthgarde Ni, Mathieu and two others were beheaded on January 31, 1802. | part_08.txt 줄 2319 | |
| AD 1802 | Hong-tsiou (홍주, 오늘 홍성) | Kim Koui-long-i was beheaded in his hometown Hongju. He refused to apostatize. | 543-545 |
| AD 1802 | Seoul (한양, 조정 반포) | The edict banning heterodox teaching ("Instruction contre la mauvaise religion") was promulgated. It criticized the doctrine and the abolition of ancestral rites and fixed the ban. | 1155-1156 |
| AD 1802 | Seoul (한양, 형장) | Eight people including Charles Ni were martyred; Charles Ni was beheaded at 22, executed at the place of execution the same day. | 1605;1708-1709 |
| AD 1802 | Tsieng-tsiou (청주, 병영 소재지) | Francis Kim Sa-jip died in Cheongju after receiving 81 strokes of the cudgel. | 1837-1838 |
| AD 1802 | Po-tsien (포천) | Leon Hong was beheaded at Pocheon at age 44. It is said that light surrounded his body for several days after death. | 1883-1884 |
| AD 1802 | T'siong-tsiou (충주) | At Chungju, Ni Gye-yeon (63) was beheaded, and the three who went with him were executed as well. | 1910-1912 |
| AD 1802 | Koang-tsiou (광주, 경기) | U Je-un was beheaded at Gwangju at age 50. He had devoted himself to tending graves and rebuked apostates. | 1958-1964 |
| AD 1802 | Koang-tsiou (광주, 경기) | Thomas Han was beheaded at Gwangju at age 52. He died after the blade fell three times. | 1967-1990 |
| AD 1802 | 불명 | From the Imsul year the persecution eased and believers got a respite for a while. | 2261-2263 |
| AD 1804 | Nie-tsien | In 1804 the Catholic Tsio Siouk-i (a relative of Justin Tsio) was arrested around Nie-tsien county. | part_10.txt 줄 61-62 |
| AD 1804 | Péking | News reached Korean Catholics that there had been a fierce persecution in Beijing in 1804; rumors mentioned a ban on entering churches, executions of believers and imprisonment of missionaries. | part_10.txt 줄 423-426 |
| AD 1805 | Hai-mi | In 1805 other Catholics were jailed at Haemi; they were released soon after, but the circumstances are unknown. | part_10.txt 줄 62-64 |
| AD 1805 | Lang-keun | Tsio Siouk-i was sentenced to death at the Lang-keun office and beheaded. He had apostatized under torture but regained courage through the exhortation of Jean Ni. | part_10.txt 줄 65-83 |
| AD 1808 | Bishop de Govéa of the Beijing diocese died on July 6, 1808. | part_10.txt 줄 223-225 | |
| AD 1811 | There is a report that the plot arose at a gathering of mine workers in 1811, but it is hearsay and unconfirmed. | p01 l.691 | |
| AD 1811 | Korean Catholics wrote to the bishop of Beijing asking for a priest to be sent. On the same date they also wrote a letter to the Pope. | part_10.txt 줄 176-177, 185-192, 558, 568- | |
| AD 1811 – 1812 | Péking | Jean Ni followed the tribute embassy, concealing his identity, reached Beijing and handed the letter to the bishop. | part_10.txt 줄 194-196, 212-213 |
| AD 1812 | Hong-tsiou | In 1812 Paul Psi le-sam-i was martyred in Hongju, beaten to death. It was his third arrest after exile in 1801. (The account of light and miracles at lines 1003-1031 is omitted.) Pending | part_10.txt 줄 959-980, 1003-1006 |
| AD 1812 | 퐁텐블로 | In 1812 Korean believers sent a letter asking for priests to Pope Pius VII. The letter was delivered to the Pope, who was held at Fontainebleau. | part_12 줄 2439–2446 |
| AD 1813 | Po-rieng | On the 15th of the fourth lunar month of 1813, Paul Hoang was arrested around Boryeong (Po-rieng) and handed to the Haemi office, then transferred to Gongju. | part_10.txt 줄 1036-1058 |
| AD 1813 | Kong-tsiou | On the 19th of the tenth lunar month of 1813, Paul Hoang and Matthias Tsiang were beheaded together at Gongju. Pierre Ouen died in prison that year (lines 1076-1079). | part_10.txt 줄 1033-1115 |
| AD 1813 | Péking | Jean Ni's second trip to Beijing. The bishop could neither send a priest nor promise to. | part_10.txt 줄 1133-1152 |
| AD 1813 | An-tong | In the fourth lunar month of 1813 Simon Kim was arrested by an Andong office runner, betrayed by a former servant. He passed through Andong prison before being handed to Wonju prison in Gangwon. | part_10.txt 줄 1898-1932 |
| AD 1814 | In 1814 a great famine struck the whole country with almost no harvest. In spring many died by the roadside. The account says relatively few believers starved. | part_10.txt 줄 1276-1292 | |
| AD 1814 | Hai-mi | Pie Kim, held in Haemi prison for nearly ten years, died there at 76 (20th of the tenth lunar month). The text says it does not know whether from torture or starvation. | part_10.txt 줄 1178-1210 |
| AD 1815 | Morai-san | On Easter Day 1815 officers from the office raided the Sand Mountain village where believers had gathered. The informer Tsien Tsi-sou-i served as guide. Many believers were seized and handed over to the Gyeongju office. | part_10.txt 줄 1294-1335 |
| AD 1815 | Tai-kou | In 1815 two believers died in Daegu (provincial office) prison. François T'soi died under beating (after a death sentence); Alexis Kim starved to death without food (two months after sentence). | part_10.txt 줄 1370-1375, 1400-1428, 1475-1483 |
| AD 1815 | Me-rou-san | Right after Easter, believers of the Sand Mountain (Me-rou-san) village in Jinpo county were seized and jailed at the Andong office; many of them apostatized. | part_10.txt 줄 1333-1335, 1535-1539 |
| AD 1815 | Tai-kou | In early fifth lunar month 1815, in front of the Daegu office, Agatha Madeleine Kim, who had apostatized, returned and confessed her faith and was beaten to death. André Kim, who was held with her, was sentenced to death on the spot. | part_10.txt 줄 1761-1802 |
| AD 1815 | Ouen-tsiou | On the 5th of the eleventh lunar month of 1815 Simon Kim died in Wonju prison. He did not win martyrdom by the sword. The text records only the detailed sequence of time. | part_10.txt 줄 1934-1967 |
| AD 1816 | Tai-kou (대구) | Seven Gyeongsang believers (François Lim, Anna Ni, Barbara Tsio and others) were beheaded at Daegu (Byeongja year, 1st of the eleventh lunar month). | work/part_11.txt 줄 11~12 |
| AD 1816 | Péking (베이징) | Paul Ting first went as the believers' representative envoy to ask the Beijing bishop to send a priest (disguised as a servant, round trip on foot). | work/part_11.txt 줄 116~119 |
| AD 1816 | Tai-kou | In 1816 Andrew Kim is martyred in Daegu (recollection of his daughter Thérèse Kim) | L1313~1314 |
| AD 1817 | Ha'i-mi (해미) | In October 1817 Haemi officers seized some 30 believers in the village of Painatari under Tek-san and dragged them to Haemi; most apostatized and several died in prison. | work/part_11.txt 줄 489~491 |
| AD 1818 | Macao | The coadjutor bishop of Beijing, Souza-Saraiva, could not enter Beijing and died in Macau. | part_10.txt 줄 223-230 |
| AD 1819 | Séoul (한양, 도성) | Pierre Tsio, arrested in spring 1817, his wife Theresa Kwo and the female believer Barbara Ko were beheaded in Hanyang on the 21st of the fifth lunar month of 1819 (27 months in prison). Pending | work/part_11.txt 줄 454~457 |
| AD 1821 | In 1821 cholera spread from Japan across the whole country. Catechumens rushed to be baptized in the face of death. | work/part_11.txt 줄 675~676 | |
| AD 1823 | Augustin Niou, from an interpreter's family, read a doctrinal book and joined the faith (place not in the text). | work/part_11.txt 줄 757~759 | |
| AD 1824 | Péking (베이징) | Augustin Niou went to Beijing as interpreter of the envoy mission, was baptized before the bishop and priests, and with Paul Ting asked for a priest to be sent. | work/part_11.txt 줄 771~774 |
| AD 1825 | Ha'i-mi (해미) | In 1825 Augustin Pai (T'seng-mo) was arrested again and severely tortured at the Haemi office (released two or three years later). | work/part_11.txt 줄 880~882 |
| AD 1827 | Kok-sieng (곡성) | In February 1827 the Gokseong office issued an arrest order for believers after a tavern keeper in a pottery village informed on them (handing over a doctrinal book); the persecution spread across all of Jeolla. | work/part_11.txt 줄 968~971 |
| AD 1827 | Tsien-tsiou (전주) | Some 240 believers seized in Gosan and elsewhere gathered in Jeonju. Governor Ni Gwang-mun chose exile and death in prison over execution (many apostatized). | work/part_11.txt 줄 1001~1004 |
| AD 1827 | Tsien-tsiou (전주) | The believer Jean Ni Seng-sam-i died of torture in Jeonju prison (age 33). | work/part_11.txt 줄 1157~1158 |
| AD 1827 | Im-sil (임실) | During the 1827 persecution, the believer Job Ni was seized in Taepan village in Imsil (Im-sil) and taken to Jeonju; he was sentenced to death and left in prison. | work/part_11.txt 줄 1232~1233 |
| AD 1827 | Ko-san (고산) | In 1827 in Gosan (Ko-san) village, the believer Pierre Kim Tai-koan was seized by over 100 officers and taken to the Gosan office; later moved to Jeonju, tortured, and refused to apostatize. | work/part_11.txt 줄 1307~1309 |
| AD 1827 | Siang-tsiou (상주) · Tsat-kol 마을 | At dawn on the 22nd of the fourth lunar month of 1827, Pierre Sin was arrested by Jeonju officers in Tsat-kol village under Sangju; they surrounded the house and took him away. | work/part_11.txt 줄 1465~1467 |
| AD 1827 | Séoul (한양, 도성) | On the night of the 21st of the fourth lunar month of 1827, Paul Ni Tsiong-hoi was arrested in Hanyang by officers from Jeonju, taken to Jeonju and questioned about the pictures and books he possessed. | work/part_11.txt 줄 2107~2109 |
| AD 1827 | 상주 | On the 22nd of the fourth lunar month of 1827, Jeonju officers crossed the Gyeongsang border and arrested Peter Sin (Pierre Sin) in the Sangju (Siang-tsiou) district. | part_12 줄 607–611 |
| AD 1827 | 상주 | In late April 1827, five or six large Catholic villages under Sangju were raided by officers. Many fled, and those caught at home or on the road were jailed in Sangju prison. Many apostatized. | part_12 줄 624–627 |
| AD 1827 | 상주 | On Ascension Day 1827 (end of the fourth lunar month), while Paul Pak Gyeong-hwa was praying at Meng-ei-moki's house with family and neighbouring believers, an informer led the officers in and he was seized. Pending | part_12 줄 676–684 |
| AD 1827 | 안동 | In the fifth lunar month of 1827 Ambrose Kim surrendered on his own at the Andong office. He was beaten and jailed, and a month later moved to Tai-kou. | part_12 줄 1022–1030 |
| AD 1827 | 대구 | On the 27th of the ninth lunar month of 1827, Paul Pak Gyeong-hwa died in Tai-kou prison at 71. He had been tortured several times before dying in prison. | part_12 줄 1093–1113 |
| AD 1827 | 단양 | In the fifth lunar month of 1827 Laurent Nu-ga (Laurent Luke) was arrested at a believer's house in Danyang (Tan-iang) with about 20 other believers. The text says the informer meant to share the ransom money. | part_12 줄 1154–1165 |
| AD 1827 – 1828 | 무산 | Laurent Nu-ga received a death sentence, but it was commuted to exile at Musan (Mou-san) in Hamgyeong, and he was sent to the far north. On the way into exile he said he would teach more believers. | part_12 줄 1186–1197 |
| AD 1827 – 1828 | 무산 | Laurent Nu-ga died at his place of exile in Musan after eating rice-flour cake mixed with salt. The text gives two accounts: December 1827 and March 1828. | part_12 줄 1203–1212 |
| AD 1827 | 전주 | In the 1827 persecution the Catholic villages of Jeolla were devastated throughout. Arrests are given as about 500, with many apostates. The prison was in Jeonju (Tsien-tsiou). | part_12 줄 1224–1246 |
| AD 1827 | 로마 | In 1827 a letter from Korean believers reached Rome. Written around 1825, it earnestly asked for priests to be sent. | part_12 줄 2487–2495 |
| AD 1827 | Bangkok | Father Bruguière arrived in Bangkok (taking charge of the seminary of the Siam vicariate). | p.10 |
| AD 1827 | Rome | The Propaganda Fide sent an official letter asking the Paris Foreign Missions Society to take charge of the Korean church. | p.8 |
| AD 1828 | 대구 | On the 27th of the tenth lunar month of 1828, Ambrose Kim died in Tai-kou prison at 68. | part_12 줄 1129–1148 |
| AD 1828 | Macao | After shipwreck and a stay in Cochinchina, Father Chastan arrives in Macao on 19 July 1828 | part_14 정규화 줄 1993 |
| AD 1828 | Penang | Father Chastan is sent to Pulau Pinang (Poulo-Pinang) in Malaya to teach Chinese and Annamese seminarians | part_14 정규화 줄 2017 |
| AD 1829 | Bangkok | From Bangkok, Bruguière wrote to the Foreign Missions Society volunteering for Korea and urging them to agree. | p.18 |
| AD 1829 | Bangkok | Bruguière was consecrated bishop at Bangkok (Bishop Capsae, coadjutor of the Siam vicariate). | p.19 |
| AD 1830 | Eug-i | In 1830 Jean Ni le-tsin-i died peacefully at Eug-i. Of low eventfulness, but the end of the person's career. | part_10.txt 줄 1154-1163 |
| AD 1830 | 한양 | In 1830 Crown Prince Ikjong, who was acting as regent, fell gravely ill. Before that he had summoned and rehabilitated Jean Tieng lak-iong, who had been in exile, but Ikjong died a few days later. At the funeral the coffin was half burned. | part_12 줄 1276–1301 |
| AD 1830 | 무산 | On August 2, 1830 (14th of the sixth lunar month), Justin Tsio died at his place of exile in Musan, aged 92, after 30 years in exile. | part_12 줄 1343–1379 |
| AD 1830 | 순흥 | In 1830, at the foot of Taebaek Mountain in Sunheung (Sioun-heng) in northern Gyeongsang, Kim Ho-yeon was baptized by a fellow believer. Baptismal name Paul. | part_12 줄 1397–1452 |
| AD 1831 | In September 1831 (eighth lunar month) Paul Kim Ho-yeon died one year after baptism, aged 36. His father had persecuted him. | part_12 줄 1557–1566 | |
| AD 1831 | 로마 | In 1831 the Holy See separated Korea from the Beijing diocese and established an independent vicariate. Bruguière was appointed bishop. | part_12 줄 1813–1816 |
| AD 1831 | Rome | Pope Gregory XVI established Korea as an independent vicariate and appointed Bruguière its first vicar apostolic. | p.20–21 |
| AD 1832 | In 1832, with continuous rain and great floods foreshadowing a poor harvest, the king granted a general amnesty. Most exiled believers were released, but the text says apostasy was demanded in return. | part_12 줄 1581–1600 | |
| AD 1832 | In summer 1832 an English merchant ship appeared near the island of Ouen-san at the entrance of the Chungcheong west coast. On it was written "the religion of Jesus Christ". Those who took the missionaries for believers withdrew from the ship. | part_12 줄 1618–1636 | |
| AD 1832 | 한양 | At midnight on the 10th of the ninth lunar month of 1832, Hanyang officers raided the house of André Hwang. André was absent, and 10 people were seized, including his uncle Peter Hwang and those with him. Nine apostatized and were released or exiled. | part_12 줄 1666–1680 |
| AD 1832 | Bruguière heard the news of his appointment as vicar apostolic of Korea. | p.23 | |
| AD 1832 | Singapore | A ship for Manila left Singapore (the free ship to Macau came late, so he paid his fare). | p.25 |
| AD 1832 | Manila | Arrival in Manila, where Archbishop Seguí received him with the treatment due a missionary. | p.25 |
| AD 1832 | Macao | He landed at Macau and went to the house of Umpierres, the Propaganda Fide's representative. | p.26–27 |
| AD 1832 | Macao | He boarded a ship for Fujian at Macau (six missionaries aboard together, sailing December 19-20). | p.27 |
| AD 1832 | Macao | In March 1832 Maubant boards a ship at Le Havre bound for Macao (arrives in China on 11 September) | part_14 정규화 줄 1419 |
| AD 1832 | Seoul | King Sunjo dies and his seven- or eight-year-old son becomes king, with Queen Dowager Kim as regent | part_14 정규화 줄 1671 |
| AD 1832 | Koang-tsiou | At the 1832 amnesty of exiles the provincial office orders the Gwangju magistrate to release Protasius; he replies that his mind has not changed | L696~698 |
| AD 1833 | 한양 | In June 1833 (early fifth lunar month) Peter Hwang died in Hanyang prison. About eight months in prison, tortured five times, near 70 years old. | part_12 줄 1782–1785 |
| AD 1833 | Fuzhou | He entered Fuzhou harbor; up to 14 missionaries stayed at the Fujian bishop's residence. | p.33 |
| AD 1833 | Fuzhou | A ship for Nanjing left Fuzhou. | p.34 |
| AD 1833 | He arrived at the port of Hia-pou in northern Zhejiang. | p.34 | |
| AD 1833 | Nanking | Sets out overland from Nanjing, hiring carts and donkeys and leaving with a Chinese guide | p.36–37 |
| AD 1833 | Crosses the Yellow River and enters Shandong | p.42–43 | |
| AD 1833 | Arrives at the bishop's residence in Shanxi (Chang-si) and stays there several months | p.52 | |
| AD 1833 | Beijing | Sends Joseph to Beijing, entrusting him with a letter for the Korean Christians | p.53–54 |
| AD 1833 – 1834 | Seoul | The Chinese priest Pacifique (Father Yu) had gone into Korea, and 9 to 11 Christians were imprisoned for their faith | part_14 정규화 줄 64 |
| AD 1833 | Fougan | Father Chastan leaves Macao in September and arrives at Fuzhou (Fougan) in November. Father Maubant was still there | part_14 정규화 줄 139 |
| AD 1833 | Fougan | Maubant and Chastan set out from Fuzhou for Korea | part_14 정규화 줄 142 |
| AD 1833 | Macao | Father Chastan leaves Macao in September 1833 for the Korean mission | chunk1 줄 193–194 |
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