Álvares, The Prester John of the Indies: a Chronicle / record source. Covers AD 1520 – 1527, with 96 events in chronological order. Text license and provenance included.
| Type | Chronicle / record |
|---|---|
| Viewpoint | Outsider account |
| Years covered | AD 1520 – 1527 |
| Events | 96 events, 10 placed on the map |
| Author | Francisco Alvares |
| Original title | Narrative of the Portuguese embassy to Abyssinia during the years 1520-1527 (영역만; 포르투갈어 원문 없음) |
Regions: Sub-Saharan Africa 85 · West Asia 5 · South Asia 4 · Egypt & North Africa 1
| Year | Place | Event | Passage |
|---|---|---|---|
| AD 1520 | Maçua (Massawa) 섬 | Sequeira's fleet reaches the island of Massawa; the inhabitants had fled and the island was empty | ch. I |
| AD 1520 | Arquiquo 해안 평원 (세케이라와 바르나가이스 회견지) | Sequeira and the Barnagais meet on the plain and swear friendship and protection to each other on the cross | ch. IV |
| AD 1520 | Arquiquo 인근 평원 (출발지) | Rodrigo de Lima's party abandons the Barnagais' escort, leaves the plain of Arkiko and heads toward Bisan | ch. VI |
| AD 1520 | 디세(Dise) 성 미카엘 수도원 | The party lodges at the monastery of St. Michael at Dixe; illness spreads afterward and the ambassador falls sick | ch. IX |
| AD 1520 | Jangargara 마을 (비사룬 수도원 영지) | The Ethiopian envoy Matthew dies of illness and is buried at the monastery of Bisan | ch. IX |
| AD 1520 | Zalote 마을 (장로의 마을) | The party crosses a great mountain inhabited by troops of monkeys and stays at the village of Zalote; Mass in the village church the following Sunday | ch. XVII |
| AD 1520 | Barua (바르나가이스의 주읍) | The party arrives at Barua, seat of the Barnagais; he had already left for another town | ch. XVIII |
| AD 1520 | Barra (Çeruel) — 바르나가이스 체류지 | Rodrigo de Lima has an audience with the Barnagais and asks for mules and transport; the mules are refused, but he promises one of his sons as escort | ch. XVIII–XIX |
| AD 1520 | Barua | Leaves Barua on 28 June 1520. For eleven days no departure equipment is provided, and the guide leaves the baggage about half a league away and departs | CAP.XXVII (part_02 L51-83) |
| AD 1520 | Barra | On 3 July the baggage reaches Bara. The Barnagais of Bara delays providing equipment, and the embassy waits | CAP.XXVIII (L85-148) |
| AD 1520 | Temeisom (Temei) | Leaves Bara and stays at Temeisom (about 4 leagues; three days because of heavy rain). The chief here is a cousin of the Barnagais | CAP.XXXI (L296-313) |
| AD 1520 – 1526 | Barua | A swarm of locusts descends on Barua and ruins the crops. The text reports that the locusts left after Alvares held a procession and warned of excommunication (a claimed miracle) Pending | CAP.XXXII (L343-444) |
| AD 1520 | Tigrimahom's house (지명 없음) | On 28 July a message comes that the embassy is lodged at Tigremahon's house and should bring the baggage. They carry the baggage to the Barua river (the boundary between the lands of the Barnagais and Tigremahon) | CAP.XXXIV (L509-536) |
| AD 1520 | Abafazem | After crossing the Barua river, they stay at Abafazem, a village among the mountains. Description of the church | CAP.XXXV (L541-601) |
| AD 1520 | St. Michael (Houses of St. Michael) | Refused lodging at the village of St. Michael, they stay within the church precinct | CAP.XXXV[53] (L606-663) |
| AD 1520 | Tigrimahom beteneguz (지명 없음, 각주 68) | Leaves on 6 August and returns to where the ambassador is staying on Tigremahon's orders; the ambassador and the party are reunited | CAP.XLII (L1093-1148) |
| AD 1520 | hamlets near Tigrimahom land (지명 없음) | On 9 August, by Tigremahon's order, all the baggage is carried over. At night a tiger attacks and wounds one inhabitant. They stay at a small village | CAP.XLIII (L1160-1201) |
| AD 1520 | Dangugui | On 13 August leaves the place where they had spent Saturday and Sunday and stays at Dangugui | CAP.XLIV (L1241-1256) |
| AD 1520 | Belete | Arrives at Belete. Balgada Robel visits the ambassador and talks with him; Robel sends cattle and honey, and the ambassador gives a helmet instead of a sword. The text explains that salt serves as currency | CAP.XLIV (L1256-1282) |
| AD 1520 | Benacel / Corcora (Tigrimahom 쪽) | Near Benasel a monk strikes the chief responsible for the baggage. The ambassador intervenes to stop it, and the monk leaves to hire mules and camels. The party waits three days at Corcora | CAP.XLV (L1325-1366) |
| AD 1520 | Manadeley | Arrives at Manadele, a trading town. The inhabitants complain that Prester John forcibly borrowed a thousand ounces of gold from them | CAP.XLVI (L1371-1476) |
| AD 1520 – 1526 | Farso | Near Farso, Christians kill 800 Muslim raiders who attacked them. The heads are hung on trees along the road | CAP.XLVII (L1481-1576) |
| AD 1520 – 1526 | Doba (지역명, 특정 지점 없음) | Twelve chiefs of Doba come to surrender with stones on their heads. Prester John banishes them beyond a hundred leagues and settles his men in the kingdom of Damute | CAP.XLVIII (L1583-1676) |
| AD 1520 | river near Janamora (지명 없음) | While camped, a sudden flood from upstream sweeps away part of the baggage. The people barely escape | CAP.XLIX (L1681-1742) |
| AD 1520 | Sabalete 쪽 출발 (지명 본문상 Sabalete 강 근처) | Sets out on 3 October. The monk leaves the baggage by the roadside and leads the party along a rough mountain path, causing discontent | CAP.L (L1747-1792) |
| AD 1520 | Corcora of Angote | On 4 October returns near the church of Angot Corcora and leaves part of the baggage (including a camel) behind | CAP.L (L1800-1824) |
| AD 1520 | Ancona (valley) | On 5 October arrives at the great church in the valley of Ancona. A great market is held on Thursdays | CAP.LI (L1834-1845) |
| AD 1520 | Ingabelu | Goes back from Ingabelu to where the baggage is. Reconciles with villagers who had refused to carry it and obtains food. At night a tiger carries off a boy | CAP.LV (L2270-2316) |
| AD 1520 | dry river near Angote Ras (지명 없음) | On 14 September, near the residence of the Angot Ras, villagers of the Three Hills attack with stones in a dry riverbed. Many on the monk's side are wounded and some taken prisoner. The next day the ambassador comes and the Angot Ras receives them at his house | CAP.LVI (L2321-2391) |
| AD 1520 | Angua | At night villagers throw stones and the party scatters in three or four directions. The guide monk extorts mules, cattle and cloth under the pretext of "justice" | CAP LVIII |
| AD 1520 | Prester John's brother escapes from the mountain and goes to his mother's house, but is caught and brought to Prester John. Prester John gives him clothes and gold and sends him back to the mountain | CAP LX | |
| AD 1520 | Acel | Arrives at Axel and stays over the weekend. A fine village on a hill between rivers, with wheat and millet fields. A quarrel between the ambassador and the guide monk | CAP LXII |
| AD 1520 | Macham Selasem | Arrives at the Trinity church, Makam Selassie. Barred at the church door, as is the guide monk. The party leaves without seeing the church | CAP LXIII |
| AD 1520 | Xoa gates | On the morning of 2 October reaches a gate on a rock. Passes through a narrow gorge and enters the land of the kingdom of Shoa (Xoa) | CAP LXV |
| AD 1520 | Badabaxa gates | Badabaxa, a gate on the border between the kingdoms of Amhara (Amara) and Shoa; the gates are 5 leguas apart. They camp on the plain outside the gate | CAP LXV |
| AD 1520 | Brilibanos | Camps on a rock opposite the monastery of Bilibanos. The text explains that the monastery funeral and the election of the new abbot (Jacob, of Moorish origin) occurred at another time | CAP LXVI |
| AD 1520 | Auriata | Stays Saturday and Sunday in the small village of Auriata. Prester John's camp is visible. Three sailors who fled from the fleet at Massawa come, and the guide monk, enraged, tries to seize them | CAP LXVII |
| AD 1520 | At court the Portuguese ambassador presents gifts (pepper and cloth). A court official reads out the list aloud and the crowd cheers | CAP LXIX | |
| AD 1520 | Prester John moves the court from its former site (about 2 leguas). The guide monk advises buying mules to carry the baggage and trade, but the ambassador refuses | CAP LXXI | |
| AD 1520 | The Portuguese decide to offer Prester John four loads of pepper and four chests (on the advice of the Franks). Alvares takes them | CAP LXXII | |
| AD 1520 | Attempted audience at night. The embassy waits outside the door for over an hour. Prester John asks about the Matthew affair and the matter of the arquebuses | CAP LXXIV | |
| AD 1520 | At the night audience two Portuguese soldiers give a demonstration with sword and shield. Prester John allows the embassy to hear Mass | CAP LXXV | |
| AD 1520 | Theft in the embassy's tent (clothing etc.; the source estimates 200 cruzados). A local woman protests through an Arab interpreter that her daughter was abducted. Prester John sends a tent unused for Mass | CAP LXXVIII | |
| AD 1520 | Prester John sends five horses and asks the embassy for a mounted demonstration before the court. The display takes place in the evening dusk, and the ambassador is displeased | CAP LXXX | |
| AD 1520 | The ambassador submits the Portuguese king's letter and instructions, translated into the local script. Prester John proposes building fortresses at Massawa, Suakin and Zeila and supplying provisions, and judges taking Zeila preferable | CAP LXXXII | |
| AD 1520 | Prester John summons Alvares and asks about saints' lives (Jerome, Dominic, Francis) and the papacy. Alvares asserts the primacy of the Roman Church; the other replies that he will follow only the decisions of a council | CAP LXXXIII | |
| AD 1520 | Prester John asks for Alvares's book of saints' lives (Flos Sanctorum). His courtiers copy out the saints' birthplaces and deeds in the local script. Afterward court clergy attend Mass on Sunday | CAP LXXXIV | |
| AD 1520 | Prester John suddenly rides off with only two pages. The whole court is in uproar. The embassy receives mules, slaves and porters (35 mules, 15 loads) | CAP LXXXV | |
| AD 1520 | After arrival at court, discord within the embassy. George d'Abreu and Lopes da Gama fight with swords and lances (d'Abreu is wounded). Prester John urges reconciliation | CAP LXXXV | |
| AD 1520 | Wrestling at court. The painter Andrade breaks a leg (Prester John gives him a silk garment). On 3 December the embassy wrestler Aires Dias fights an opponent and returns with a broken arm; Estevão Palparte is afraid and does not fight | CAP LXXXVI | |
| AD 1520 | On Christmas Eve Prester John summons Alvares and asks him to celebrate the Christmas Mass. A church tent is set up beside his own tent and Mass is said | Cap. LXXXIX (줄 134-161) | |
| AD 1520 | Prester John moves the court at night. Passing a steep pass (Aquia fagi), people and mules fall to their deaths | Cap. XC (줄 325-353) | |
| AD 1520 | On 28 December the court procession camps beside the church of St. George. The Preste shows Alvares the murals and gilded doors | Cap. XCI (줄 364-370) | |
| AD 1520 | Masua (Massawa) | The Portuguese embassy (Rodrigo de Lima and Francisco Alvares) arrives at the port of Massawa. They then stay six years in Prester John's country | Cap. IX 머리 (Questions of the Archbishop of Braga, 조각 줄 722~726) |
| AD 1521 | Macham Selasem (Trinity church) | On 1 January the court arrives at the church of Makam Selassie (Trinity). More than 20,000 clergy and monks welcome it; 64 umbrellas | Cap. XCIII (줄 532-555) |
| AD 1521 | Mass baptism for Epiphany. Prester John enters the water first; Alvares's party declines baptism and watches through the night | Cap. XCV (줄 727-836) | |
| AD 1521 | The Abima Marcos ordains 2,357 priests in one day. Alvares does not count them himself but hears the number from the person in charge | Cap. XCVI (줄 908-959) | |
| AD 1521 | Ordination of deacons on 10 January. Alvares criticizes the practice of ordaining even nursing infants | Cap. XCVII (줄 1027-1092) | |
| AD 1521 | Macham Selasem (Trinity church) | Night of 12 January: consecration ceremony of the church of Makam Selassie amid chanting and instruments all night | Cap. XCIX (줄 1202-1212) |
| AD 1521 | Macham Selasem (Trinity church) | Great church ceremony on 15 January. The remains of the late king (Nahu) are moved and laid in the great church; the queen, the king's mother and others hold black parasols and wail | Cap. XCIX (줄 1214-1256) |
| AD 1521 | On 17 January the Preste asks about the price of carpets and Portuguese gold dealings and gives an evening banquet. The party sings and dances until midnight | Cap. C (줄 1266-1340) | |
| AD 1521 | On 29 January the ambassador's party visits the Abima Marcos. The Abima speaks of striking Mecca together with the Preste | Cap. CII (줄 1416-1467) | |
| AD 1521 | On 11 February the Preste summons the ambassador's party and gives gold and silk. He writes letters to the king and governor at home in three languages: Abyssinian, Arabic and Portuguese | Cap. CIV (줄 1614-1688) | |
| AD 1521 | On 12 February (Shrove Tuesday) they receive the bundle of letters and leave the court. The party camps in the fields | Cap. CV (줄 1724-1766) | |
| AD 1521 | Departs on Ash Wednesday. Camps at the foot of the hill with the church of St. Michael and passes the estate of Abdenago (the chamberlain) | Cap. CV (줄 1768-1779) | |
| AD 1521 | After a quarrel among the porters, João Fernandes stabs the factor (baggage manager) twice with a lance, seriously wounding him | Cap. CV (줄 1780-1802) | |
| AD 1521 | At Mandadele a servant of the ambassador quarrels with a Moor and has a tooth broken. Abdenago tries the Moor who did it and has him pay compensation in gold | Cap. CVI (줄 1832-1857) | |
| AD 1521 | Prester John has the guilty Moor beheaded and sent, and releases the other Moor. The party enslaves that Moor and chains him in iron (he later escapes) | Cap. CVI (줄 1859-1882) | |
| AD 1521 | Arrives at Abasinete. Villagers throw stones; two court grandees (Adrugas and Grageta) receive the party | Cap. CVII (줄 1892-1897) | |
| AD 1521 – 1522 | Barua | At Barua the ambassador refuses to provide food. At night the villagers attack the ambassador's lodging, tear it down and fire guns; the ambassador's party flees through the back door | Cap. CVII (줄 1916-1968) |
| AD 1521 – 1522 | At Abasinen two grandees escort the party. The villagers (including bands of monks) resist with bows, turning it into a field battle with wounded; the village is plundered | Cap. CVIII (줄 1994-2006) | |
| AD 1521 – 1522 | The Barnagais reprimands the party at Mandadele and moves the ambassador to Bara, separating the ambassador's side from Jorge de Abreu's side | Cap. CVIII (줄 2010-2031) | |
| AD 1523 | On the octave of Easter a letter arrives, and the Portuguese embassy learns of King Manuel's death and puts on mourning | Cap. CXII | |
| AD 1523 | Barua (추정 출발지) | Alvares and the embassy set out for the court carrying pepper | Cap. CXII |
| AD 1523 | Fatiguar 왕국 | Arrives at court; meets Prester John in the kingdom of Fatagar | Cap. CXII |
| AD 1523 – 1524 | Dara | Prester John has Alvares write the letter to be sent to the Pope (after the map translation) | Cap. CXIV |
| AD 1523 – 1524 | Fatiguar 쪽 산 (추정) | News that the great Betudete of the Gob region, after paying tribute, was arrested and imprisoned in a mountain near Fatagar | Cap. CXVII–CXVIII |
| AD 1524 | Oyja 입구 (왕국 입구) | Arrest of Tigremahon. He is sent to a high mountain in Damute and dies of hunger and cold | Cap. CXIX |
| AD 1524 | Orgabija 왕국 (아드레아 경계) | Prester John personally sets out to pacify the kingdom of Adea. He leaves the queen and family at Orgabija | Cap. CXIX |
| AD 1524 – 1525 | Suaquem (= Suakin) | A caravan of pilgrim monks that left Barua is attacked by Muslims beyond Suakin. The old are killed and the young sold as slaves | Cap. CXXVIII |
| AD 1524 | Abrigima 영지 | The Portuguese stay near the Abrigima estate, waiting until Easter for ships to arrive, but none comes | Cap. CXXXIX |
| AD 1525 | Abrigima 영지 출발 → 바닷가 쪽 | Without Prester John's permission they leave Abrigima and return toward the coast (Barua) | Cap. CXXXIX |
| AD 1526 | Barua | Two men sent ahead return with news that there is no Portuguese fleet and that India has been lost (from Muslim merchants) | Cap. CXL |
| AD 1526 | Arquiquo | Sets out with the Barnagais from Barua by the road to Arkiko. Sleeps at Dinguil and camps near Arkiko | Cap. CXLI |
| AD 1526 | Masua (섬·항구) | A fleet of five ships (three large galleons, two caravels) sails together from Massawa | Cap. I |
| AD 1526 | Camaran 섬 | Becalmed for three days at the island of Kamaran. The remains of the ambassador Duarte Galvão, who died earlier, are recovered and loaded on board | Cap. I |
| AD 1526 | Aden 맞은편 바다 | Storm at sea off Aden. The ships are scattered for two nights, and a boy on a small boat drowns | Cap. I |
| AD 1526 | Mazquate (= Muscat) | Arrives at Muscat, a port belonging to the kingdom of Hormuz; the scattered ships reassemble | Cap. I |
| AD 1526 | Ormuz (옛 호르무즈 성) | Arrives at the fortress of Hormuz; governor Lopo Vaz de Sampaio receives them | Cap. I |
| AD 1526 | Ormuz (옛 호르무즈 성) | Prester John's letter, addressed to Diogo Lopes de Sequeira, is delivered to the governor Lopo Vaz de Sampaio | Cap. II |
| AD 1526 | Chaul | Sails to the fortress of Chaul, receiving three prize ships (laden with gold) captured by Heitor da Silveira, and prisoners | Cap. III |
| AD 1526 | Goa | Arrives at Goa. Great procession on St. Catherine's day; the envoys of Prester John confirm the Portuguese faith | Cap. III |
| AD 1526 | Cananor (= Kannur) | Stays six days at Cannanore and sees the chapel of Jacob again | Cap. III |
| AD 1526 | Cochim (= Kochi) | Arrives at Cochin. Duarte Galvão's son receives the remains | Cap. III |
| AD 1526 | Masua (Massawa) | The embassy embarks at the port of Massawa for the return home (28 April 1526) | Cap. IX 머리 (조각 줄 726~728) |
| AD 1526 – 1527 | Cochim (Kochi) | While the embassy stays at Cochin, three ships are readied to sail with pepper and cloves (then going on to Cannanore) | Cap. IV 머리 (조각 줄 9~16) |